2015年12月英语六级阅读试卷（第三套）答案

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2015年12月英语六级阅读试卷（第三套）答案

　　来源：Who Killed the Nokia Phone?

　　Itseems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventuallylose their positions – often quickly and brutally. Mobile-phone champion Nokia,one of Europe’s biggest technology success stories, was no exception, losingits market share in the space of just a few years. Can the industry’s newchampions, Apple and Google – not to mention titans in other tech sectors –avoid Nokia’s fate?

　　In 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile-phone sales worldwide. But

　　consumers’ preferences were already shifting toward touch-screen smartphones.With the introduction of Apple’s iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia’smarket share shrunk rapidly and revenue plummeted. By the end of 2013, Nokiahad sold its phone business to Microsoft.

　　What sealed Nokia’s fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his

　　position as CEO, which he assumed in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent atNokia’s helm, the company’s market value declined by €18 million ($23 million)– making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history.

　　But Elop was not the only person at fault. Nokia’s board resisted change, making itimpossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Mostnotably, Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia’s transition from an industrialconglomerate to a technology giant, was too enamored with the company’sprevious success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain itscompetitiveness.

　　The company also embarked on a desperate cost-cutting program, which included the

　　elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the deterioration of thecompany’s once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risksand make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia’s sense ofvision and direction with them. Not surprising, much of Nokia’s most valuabledesign and programming talent left as well.

　　36. E. exception

　　37. O. worldwide

　　38. N. transmitting

　　39. L. shrank

　　40. A. assumed

　　41. F. fault

　　42. H. notably

　　43. I. previous

　　44. C. desperate

　　45. D. deterioration

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