新东方名师：一张表快速分清新SAT语法中的形近词

2016-03-06 06:09:37来源：新东方在线致赢SAT教研组郭洁

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　　新SAT考试首考(美国时间3月5日)已经在北美完美落下帷幕，相信正在积极备战新SAT考试的同学都非常迫切地想了解更多新SAT的动态，下边是新东方在线致赢SAT名师郭洁老师为大家带来的新东方名师：一张表快速分清新SAT语法中的形近词，教大家用一张表快速分清新SAT语法词汇中的形近词。咱们先来看看新SAT官方指南中对单词这块的要求：

2016年3月新SAT首考

新SAT名师考点精讲(汇总)

新SAT考试改革趋势预测(汇总)

　　The Writing and Language Test may include questions asking you to distinguish between and among frequently confused words-words that have similar or identical sounds and/or similar spellings but that have different meanings and are used in different ways.

　　——新SAT官方指南第151页

　　提到背单词，很多小伙伴都想说，其实内心我是拒绝的，表示对单词这群小恶魔真是毫无办法，对形近词更是觉得一头雾水累觉不爱。在新SAT考试语法部分，考察形近词的题型一直是童鞋们冲击满分道路上的拦路虎，原因是这些词拼写或者发音非常像，但意思却截然不同，如果不知两个单词之间的区别就极易做错。为帮助童鞋们提高正确率和备考效率，老师想和大家分享我觉得新SAT语法中可能让童鞋们傻傻分不清的形近词。

　　以下是老SAT曾经出现过的高频12组形近词：

1		Auditory	adj. 听觉的，听觉器官的
		Audible	adj. 能听见的
2		collaborate	v. 合作
		corroborate	v. 证实，支持
3		desirous	adj. 渴望得到某物的（人）
		desirable	adj. 值得拥有的（物）
4		exhaustive	adj. 详尽的，彻底的
		exhausted	adj. 精疲力竭的
5	imminent		adj. 即将发生的
	eminent		adj. 显赫的，杰出的
6	insure		v. 投保险
	ensure		v. 确定，保证
7	indecisive		adj. 不明确的，无判断力的
	indefinite		adj. 无限期的
8	opposite		adj. （地理位置上）相反的
	opposed		adj. （抽象概念上）相反的
9	proceed		v. 前进
	precede		v. 在…之前
10	prospective		adj. 可能的，预期的
	perspective		n. 看法，观点
11	raise		v. 举起（别的某物）
	rise		v. （某物自己）上升
12	repel		v. 击退，排斥
	Propel		v. 推动，驱使

在老SAT常考的高频易混词的基础上，老师根据新SAT的题目，给小伙伴们汇总了新SAT常考的易混词。饱受易混词摧残的宝宝们，接纯干货啦。

	Definition	Correct usage
Accept vs. Except	Accept- to receive or take as payment Except-with the exclusion of	We accept credit cards for purchases except those under five dollars
Affect vs. effect	Affect (verb)-to influence or change Affect (noun)-emotion or feeling Effect (verb)- to cause a change; the object is the change	The rain did not affect our crop yield. This was not the expected effect. Bill sought to effect changes in environmental policy. Laura claimed indifference, but displayed an excited affect.
Allude vs. elude	Allude-reference something indirectly Elude-to escape	In The Aeneid, Vergil alludes to events in Roman history. In it, Aeneas eludes the Cyclopes.
Complement vs. compliment	Complement-to complete, make perfect Compliment-to give praise	The red sash complements the rest of my outfit. I got many compliments on it today.
Counsel vs. council	Counsel (verb)-to complete, make perfect Counsel (noun)-advice Council-an assembly or meeting	The council meets everyday. Their job is to counsel the king on matters of the State.
Elicit vs. illicit	Elicit-to bring out Illicit-not allowed by law	We elicited a confession quickly. He was very open about his illicit behavior.
Emigrate vs. immigrate	Emigrate-to leave and mover to another place Immigrate-to come to a country to live there	Programs are available for skilled workers to emigrate from Asia. Many have thus immigrated to the U.S.
Eminent vs. imminent	Eminent-standing out, prominent Imminent-about to take place	Dark, eminent clouds filled the sky. A storm was imminent.
Gracious vs. gratuitous	Gracious-pleasantly kind, prominent Gratuitous-without reason or payment	Molly was a gracious host at the party, even when a guest began yelling gratuitous insults.
Infirmary vs. infirmity	Infirmary-a place for care of the sick Infirmity-disability or weakness	The infirmities she was suffering from only increased as she aged in the infirmary.
Lose vs. loose	Lose-become unable to find, misplace Loose-free, not bound together	I will lose my keys if they are tied on with a loose knot.
Precede vs. proceed	Precede-to come before Proceed-to move forward	A loud noise preceded the fireworks. The officers told us to proceed with caution.
Principle vs. principal	Principle-a rule or fact Principal (noun)-chief official Principal (adjective)-most important	Always use the principle: “Ask before taking.” This is the principal way we keep track of items.
Reluctant vs. reticent	Reluctant- feeling hesitation Reticent-reserved, silent	A reticent person, Jonah was reluctant to speak in public.
Respectful vs. respective	Respectful-showing respect or admiration for Respective-relating separately	The guests were respectful of the rules she had set. They stayed at their respective tables.
Than vs. then	Than-a conjunction used to compare Then-next or soon after	I told her I liked peas more than candy. Then she really thought I was lying!
Too vs. to	Too- in addition, also, or excessively To-a preposition used to show direction towards a point	Please drive to the market this afternoon. Make sure you bring the coupons, too: you don’t want to spend too much.
Weather vs. whether	Weather-temperature and conditions Whether-which of the two	I cannot decide whether to go to the park or the gym. I suppose it depends on the weather.
Its vs. It’s	Its is the possessive form of “it.” It’s means “it is.”	It’s hard to tell when the baby will start crying. Its arched brows make it always appear upset.
Their vs. They’re	Their is the possessive form of “they.” They’re means “they are.”	The team practiced all year, and their hard work paid off. They’re going to the championship.
Whose vs. who’s	Whose is the possessive form of “they.” They’re means “they are.”	Who’s going to the store with me? Judy is. Now whose car should we take?
Your vs. You’re	Your is the possessive form of “you.” You’re means “you are”	You’re too talented to give up acting. Plus, your voice is incredible.