2017年6月英语四级语法知识:句子成分

2017-04-06 15:28:24来源:网络

  句子六大成分:主谓宾、定状表

  主语、宾语和表语:通常由代词或者名词构成;定语:修饰名词;状语:修饰形容词或者动词; 表语:接在系动词后面;

  (一).代词:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词。

  1人称代词:第一、二、三人称,主格、宾格、所有格;

  I,you ,he,she, it, me, you, him, her, it, my, your, his, her, its.

  2 物主代词

  ①形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, our, their,后面加名词;

  ②名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs,后面不能加名词。

  eg: May I borrow your pen?

  Mine is missing.

  3反身代词:通过反身代词指代主语,使动作发出者把动作在形式上反射到发出者本人。强调人称问题。

  eg:I myself took Mary to the airport.

  I cooked it myself.

  4. 指示代词:this, that, these, those

  5. 不定代词:some,someone,something,any,anyone,anything,no,no one,nothing,all,both,neither,either,each,every,everybody,everyone,everything.

  一些比较重要的不定代词之间的区别:

  (1)all, each, every:

  ① all和every可以指代三个或三个以上的人或物;all可以表示所有东西的总和,是一个不可分割的整体; each只能表示两个或两个以上的人,侧重个体;

  ② all和every侧重整体,each侧重个体;

  eg:Every staff of the university contributed to the fund.

  Two girls came, and I gave an apple to each.

  (2)everyone&every one

  everyone等同于everybody,all people ,指的是所有的人;

  eg:Everyone thinks they have the right to be here.

  every one既可以指人,也可以指物,强调一个个体,通常用every one of ;

  eg:Every one of us has faults and shortcomings.

  Every one of the films we have shown this year has been a succes.

  (3)no one&none

  no one 只能指人,none既可以指人,也可以指物,none后面还可以接of;

  eg:No one failed the examination.

  None of the students failed the examination.

  6. it 的用法

  (1)指代人,通常用于口语中;

  (2)书面语:

  ① it 用来指代时间、距离、温度、天气等

  eg:It’s three years since I saw him.

  ② it 用来前指或者后指

  eg:I’ve lost my book. Where is it?

  There is no doubt about it that he was a fine teacher.

本文关键字: 英语四级语法 四级语法

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