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英语四级真题及答案_大学英语四级真题_2012年英语四级真题

英语四级真题及答案_大学英语四级真题_2012年英语四级真题 新东方在线出品

英语四级作文真题及范文

2012年12月英语四级作文真题及范文 2012年6月英语四级作文真题及范文 2011年12月英语四级作文真题及范文
2011年6月英语四级作文真题及范文 2010年12月英语四级作文真题及范文 2010年6月英语四级作文真题及范文
2009年12月英语四级作文真题及范文 2009年6月英语四级作文真题及范文 2008年12月英语四级作文真题及范文
2008年6月英语四级作文真题及范文 2007年12月英语四级作文真题及范文 2007年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

2012年12月英语四级作文真题及范文

  题目来源:

  美国劳工部(united states department of labor)官网

  Bureau of labor statistics劳工统计局在2012年3月23日发布的“教育回报”数据表

  Education pays教育回报(暂定)

  图表说明:全英文,无中文翻译和提示

查看参考答案

范文

  From the bar chart given above, we can observe that it reflects the statistics of income among people of different educational background. Those who possess a doctoral degree earn 1,551dollars median weekly, ranking first among people of other education level. The median weekly earnings of people with associate degree and below can not reach the average of 797 dollars, ranking from 768 dollars to 451 dollars. As for the unemployment rate, 2.5 % of people with doctoral degree will suffer form unemployment. However, the unemployment rate of people with some college, no degree and lower degree surpass the mean value of7.6%, ranking from 8.7% to 14.1%.

  The bar chart of Education Pays reveals a phenomenon that there exits some difference in incomes and unemployment rate among people with different educational level. Quite a few reasons can account for this phenomenon: for one thing, with the advancement of technology and the adjustment of industrial structure, quite a few high-tech industries emerge overnight, which leads to a soar demand of workforces with high educational degree, thus, it is natural that graduates with bachelor' and higher degree get a high pay-packet and enjoy a stable job. Additionally, those with educational background under associate degree are easily dismissed and paid by low salary. They can be replaced any time due to the fact that their jobs are easy and can be finished by average people.

  Definitely, the higher education degree you get, the more likely you are to enjoy a competitive edge in the employment market. Thus, the authorities should enforce some policies to ensure the equity of education. Only in this way can more people lead a stable and comfortable life.

2012年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)

  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

  1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

  2.出现这一现象的原因 3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

查看参考答案
范文

  On Excessive Packaging

  In recent years, with the economy growing, all kinds of goods are flowing into our life. The packaging of goods becomes more and more attracting our eyes. However, the problem of excessive packaging has aroused people's wide concern.

  This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. For one thing, the business has seen through the mind of most consumers who are face-saving, for they thought that the more beautiful the packaging of goods is, the best people like. For another thing, excessive packaging can make the majority of merchants get high profit for the cheap commodity by improving price. Perhaps the primary reason lies that the form far outweighs the content.

  In my opinion, it is more advisable to focus on the quality of goods than to decorate its appearance. So, it is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. Only in this way can we reduce unnecessary waste and have a rational and pure shopping condition, making our money worthwhile.

2011年12月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)

  注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上.

  For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

查看参考答案
范文

  Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

  Sometimes, in our daily life, the easiest thing might be the most difficult thing, as in the case of some people trying to quit smoking for hundreds of times and still making endless efforts without any hope of success. The reason for their failure is their lack of a strong will。

  In our modern world, nothing is simple and straightforward. Something might appear deceptively easy at first, but as we proceed on, we will find that it is actually extremely difficult. Therefore, we must take whatever we do seriously and be mentally prepared to make our utmost exertions. When we encounter obstacles and setbacks, we must apply our strong willpower and persevere until we finally succeed。

  For us university students, in our academic studies or in our daily life on campus, we might not be faced with insurmountable challenges. But we need to get prepared, right now, to take things seriously, try to cultivate our strong will, and be ready to pursue our goals through persistence and indefatigable will. I believe it’s the only way we can achieve our success。

  Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

  Success depends on many factors, both physical and spiritual. In my opinion, mental factors like a strong will are far more decisive in enabling us to achieve success. For example, despite our repeated efforts to quit smoking, our lack of a strong will would still cause us to end up in failure。

  In any of our undertakings, we should first set a goal. Some goals are highly challenging. Without a strong will, people would give up in the middle and they fail to achieve their goals. For those people who do succeed, they succeed simply because they have that mental stamina which enables them to challenge even the most insurmountable difficulties。

  We often say that ‘Impossible is Nothing’. To make the impossible possible, we must exercise our perseverance and strong willpower. Or, as an English proverb goes, ‘If there is a will, there is a way.’ Our world is becoming increasingly competitive and only by making strong-willed efforts can we maximize our full potential and gain competitive edges, and prevail over all obstacles that lie in our way to success。

2011年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing (30 minutes)

  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

  1. 现在网上购物已成为一种时尚

  2. 网上购物有很多好处, 但也有不少问题

  3. 我的建议

查看参考答案
范文

  Nowadays, can we find a person who has not experienced online shopping? Definitely not. Online shopping is coming into fashion in most of cities due to the rapid development of internet technology。

  Online shopping is welcomed by most people due to various reasons. From the perspective of consumer, it can save some time for people who don’t have much spare time. Just click the mouse, they can get whatever they want while staying at home. For the retailers, it can cut some costs for those who don’t have much circulating funds. They don’t have to rent a house and spend money on employees compared with the traditional trade mode. However, there are still some defects in online shopping. First, face to face deal makes online shopping less reliable and trustworthy. Second, people will lose the fun of bargain。

  It is undeniable that shopping on the internet has become an irresistible trend in modern society. It’s of great urgency that we need to regulate the relative laws in accordance with the rapid growth of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern of being treated。

2010年12月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing 写作(30 minutes)

  Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

  1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切

  2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……

  How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?

查看参考答案
范文

  How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent

  Nowadays, there is a growing concern over such a phenomenon, that is, some parents take care of almost everything concerned with their children, including study, work and marriage. Some parents believe that this is love, however, it is only to destroy children’s independence thoroughly.

  For the future of the next generation, more efforts should be made by parents to help their children to be independent. The fundamental one is to cultivate the awareness, namely, the importance and necessity of being independent, which is supposed to begin from childhood. Children should be taught that no one can be stronger and more helpful than themselves in this world.

  The quality of independence is so indispensable for us that parents had better act as a tutor, not a dictator. And only with parent's trust, can the next generation accumulate confidence step by step.

2010年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing (30 minutes)

  注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。

  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

  1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

  2. 出现这种情况的原因

  3. 为了改变这种状况,我认为…

  Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling

查看参考答案
范文

  Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling

  Correct spelling is a basic skill in English study. However, nowadays many students do not pay much attention to it.

  They have their own reasons for misspelling. First of all, they like an easy way of studying, which causes some omissions and changes in spelling. Second, the teachers might not be very strict in students’ spelling. In China, teachers seem to be more concerned with grammar and vocabulary but not spelling.

  To change this situation, in my opinion, the teachers and the students should work together. On one and, the teachers should give more attention to students’ spelling, asking the students to be conscious of the importance of correct spelling from the very beginning of their English study. On the other hand, the students themselves are supposed to be aware that correct spelling is a must in English study.

  To sum up, correct spelling is so important that both students and the teachers should spare no efforts to achieve correct spelling.

2009年12月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing (30 minutes)

  注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。

  Directions:  For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of create a green campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

  1.建设绿色校园十分重要

  2.绿色校园不仅指绿色环境

  3.为了建设绿色校园我们应该……

查看参考答案
范文

  In recent years, extravagance and waste have become increasingly serious in some of the university campus. We can see that papers, bottles and cans are thrown away after use; food is wasted just because of its poor taste; clothes are discarded simply owing to their old fashion. As a consequence, people in mounting numbers put great emphasis on creating a green campus.

  There are at least two criteria to distinguish what is green campus. On the one hand, natural resources must be conserved and made full use of, for example, we, as college students, should take the wise use of papers and second-hand textbooks into account. On the other hand, education to build up thrift habits must be promoted by relevant departments and professionals at various levels.

  Accordingly, it is necessary for us to take effective steps. For one thing, university authorities should respond with the demand for more rigid conservation of our natural resources, such as water, electricity, and so on. For another, we should enhance the awareness of college students that creating a green campus is of utmost significance to both our society and ourselves.

2009年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing (30 minutes)

  Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:

  1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么?

  2.也会带来一些问题

  3.你的看法?

  Free admission to museums

查看参考答案
范文

  Free Admission to Museums

  Nowadays, an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad. The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society. Only with free access to this live ‘database’, can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them.

  However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well. The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations. As a result, our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control. On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors, some of which might not be well-purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museums.

  As a university student, I am in favor of the free-admission conduct. Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it. For example, museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some ‘closed’ days for museums for regular maintenance. Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting phenomenon and have sustainable development.

2008年12月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing

  作文题目:Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags

  1. 一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用

  2. 造成的问题

  3. 限制使用的意义

查看参考答案
范文

  Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags

  Disposable plastic bags were once widely used in China. When we went shopping at supermarkets and departments stores, shopping assistants often provided free plastic bags for our convenience. For a while, life without them seemed unimaginable for most of us.

  However, disposable plastic bags do bring severe damage to our environment. Costumers usually threw them away after use, and because they are thin and hard to decompose, these plastic products will exist for a long time. This is an immediate threat to our earth and water.

  Nowadays, the government has passed relevant regulations for limiting the use of disposable plastic bags: they are not free any more. In some shopping places, in order to invoke the public awareness of environmental protection, plastic bags are offered in a much higher price. As a result, people are changing their behavior: paper and clothing bags that vanished for a long time come back to our daily life. It is true that by limiting its usage, everyone in this society contributes some effort to the improvement of the environment.

2008年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)

  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.

  1.娱乐活动多种多样

  2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益,也可能有危害性

  3.作为大学生,我的看法。

查看参考答案
范文

  Among various recipes one enjoys in his or her college life, recreational activities can by no means be ignored. It is numerous activities, such as spoken English competitions, sports events, and clubs and societies of different interests, that help to make campus life colorful and diversified.

  Facing so many interesting extracurricular activities, we college students have trouble to choose the proper ones. As freshmen, we are confused by all kinds of posters for students’ clubs to recruit new members. There are two opposite views about recreational activities. One says they exert positive influence on a student’s physical and mental development, for they can explore a student’s talent, develop a student's ability in communication, and teach them to be more independent. While, opposite voices can also be heard by asserting that recreational activities waste too much time, and therefore may hinder student from focusing on his or her study.

  As for me, I hold a belief that recreational activities do more good than harm, because I have always been of the impression that as a college student, he or she, besides the academic information, should pick up more practical skills to be better prepared for the career development. Recreational activities do give us a good chance. And, so long as one can arrange the time by reason, activities besides study will definitely provide more benefit for us.

2007年12月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Part I Writing (30 minutes)

  What electives to choose

  1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课

  2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课

  3. 以你自己为例……

查看参考答案
范文

  What Electives To Choose

  With the reform of Chinese higher education, more and more colleges and universities put emphasis on nurturing students’ abilities. As a result, elective courses are available not only for excellent academic performers but also for students about the average level.

  Certainly, students have different reasons to choose their own electives. For some, practical skills are the essence of college education, and therefore, courses on computer science, marketing, and finance are highly preferred. On the other hand, others may hold the idea of liberal education and electives concerning literature, history, and philosophy are the most welcome.

  Take me as an example: being a disciple of free education, I stand for the notion that university is not a place for survival skills, but a palace of knowledge and critical reasoning. Although my major is chemistry, the electives I attend most frequently are English literature, an Introduction to Classic Music, and Different Schools of Western Painting. They really widen my horizon.

2007年6月英语四级作文真题及范文

  Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to our club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:

  欢迎辞,欢迎加入俱乐部。

  标题:Welcome to our club

  书写提纲:

  1.表达你的欢迎;

  2.对你们俱乐部作一个简要介绍。

查看参考答案
范文

  Ladies and Gentlemen,

  First of all, please allow me to express the most heartfelt welcome to all of you on behalf of our English Club. We have been looking forward to seeing you for long. It is a wonderful day today.

  Now I would like to brief my club to you since I want to leave the most wonderful for you to discover. Our club, organizing various activities regularly catering for the needs of participants, is well-known among many English learners. If you want to meet native English speakers, please join us. If you want to speak English not only accurately but also fluently, please join us. If you want to discover the most attractive aspects in English, please join us. I do hope that you will enjoy your journey of English study with us. Thank you!

  Sincerely Yours

  Li Ming

英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

2012年12月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2012年6月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2011年12月四级快速阅读真题及答案
2011年6月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2010年12月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2010年6月四级快速阅读真题及答案
2009年12月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2009年6月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2008年12月四级快速阅读真题及答案
2008年6月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2007年12月四级快速阅读真题及答案 2007年6月四级快速阅读真题及答案

2012年12月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  The Magician

  The revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginning

  When it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an “incredible” new electronic gadget (小器具)in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is fetch and work with numbers, he once explained, but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic”. Mr Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.

  The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof that Mr Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker. He stood out in three ways-as a technologist, as a corporate (公司的)leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live. The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning.

  As a technologist, Mr Jobs was different because he was not an engineer-and that was his great strength. Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics (美学), and in making advanced technology simple to use. He repeatedly took an existing but half-formed idea-the mouse-driven computer, the digital music player, the smartphone, the tablet computer(平板电脑)-and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes in computing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful for existing firms but welcomed by millions of consumers.

  Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy (嬉皮士), permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time. That was partly due to his talents: showmanship, strategic vision, an astonishing attention to detail and a dictatorial management style which many bosses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory (轨迹)of his life. His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse. The way in which Mr Jobs revived the failing company he had co-founded and turned it into the world’s biggest tech firm (bigger even than Bill Gates’s Microsoft, the company that had outsmarted Apple so dramatically in the 1980s), sounds like something from a Hollywood movie.

  But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the absolute loyalty he managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of a community, with Mr Jobs as its leader. And there was indeed a personal link. Apple’s products were designed to accord with the boss’s tastes and to meet his extremely high standards. Every iPhone or MacBook has his fingerprints all over it. His great achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and make the resulting product feel personal. And that is what put Mr Jobs on the right side of history, as technological innovation (创新)has moved into consumer electronics over the past decade.

  As our special report in this issue (printed before Mr Jobs’s death) explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people’s homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gadgets and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies’ systems. Familiar consumer products are being adopted by businesses, government and the armed forces. Companies are employing in-house versions of Facebook and creating their own “app stores” to deliver software to employees. Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals. Meanwhile, the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continues to swell. Apple’s products are now being snapped up in Delhi and Dalian just as in Dublin and Dallas.

  Mr Jobs had a reputation as a control freak (怪人), and his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use. Yet he also empowered millions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology. His insistence on putting users first, and focusing on elegance and simplicity, has become deep-rooted in his own company, and is spreading to rival firms too. It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask: “What would Steve Jobs do?”

  The gap between Apple and other tech firms is now likely to narrow. This week’s announcement of a new iPhone by a management team led by Tim Cook, who replaced Mr Jobs as chief executive in August, was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring. Without Mr Jobs to shower his star dust on the event, it felt like just another product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing the best job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, there were several attacks at Apple. But by doing his best to imitate Mr Jobs, Mr Bezos also flattered (抬举)him. With Mr Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable spirit in new products.

  Mr Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a “reality distortion (扭曲)field”, such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he created a reality of his own, channeling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries. The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “put a ding in the universe” did just that.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1. We learn from the first paragraph that nobody could match Steve Jobs in .

  A) intelligence C) magic power

  B) showmanship D) persuasion skills

  2. What did Steve Jobs do that most deeply affected people’s way of life?

  A) He invented lots of functional gadgets.

  B) He kept improving computer technology.

  C) He started the era of personal technology.

  D) He established a new style of leadership.

  3. Where did Mr Jobs’s great strength lie?

  A) His profound insight about consumers’ needs in general.

  B) His keen interest in designing elegant and user-friendly gadgets.

  C) His firm determination to win in the competition against his rivals.

  D) His rich knowledge as a computer scientist and electronic engineer.

  4. Many corporate giants saw Steve Jobs as .

  A) one of the greatest chief executives of his time

  B) a dictator in the contemporary business world

  C) an unbeatable rival in the computer industry

  D) the most admirable hippy in today’s world

  5. For those who have suffered failures in business, Steve Jobs’s life experience serves as .

  A) a symbol C) an ideal

  B) a standard D) an inspiration

  6. What was the most astonishing part of Mr Jobs’s success?

  A) He turned a failing company into a profitable business.

  B) He set up personal links with many of his customers.

  C) He commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users.

  D) He left his fingerprints all over Apple products.

  7. What is mentioned in this issue’s special report about innovation nowadays?

  A) It benefits civilians more than the military.

  B) New products are first used in the military.

  C) Many new ideas first appear on the internet.

  D) It originates in the consumer market.

  8. In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products, critics complained that they were .

  9. Amazon, by having hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, did the best job in following Apple’s lead.

  10. By channelling the magic of computing into products, Steve Jobs had succeeded in .

查看参考答案

参考答案

  1.B

  2.C

  3.B

  4.A

  5.D

  6.C

  7.C

  8.closed and inflexible

  9.combined

  10.putting a diny in the universe

2012年6月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  Small Schools Rising

  This year’s list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing.

  Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构),the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.

  Size isn’t everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签),such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.

  Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423—among the top 2% in the country—on Newsweek’s annual ranking of America’s top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.

  Although many of Hillsdale’s students came from wealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname (绰号) “Hillsjail. ” Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did that student graduate?”

  So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three “houses,” romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly(随机地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of “advisory” classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students’ success.“We’re constantly talking about one another’s advisers,” says English teacher Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours isn’t doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the dean’s office, it’s like a personal failure.” Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95.“It was rough for some. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics,” says Gilbert “Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them.”But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.

  The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it’s easy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they’d like.

  Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents(地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation.“It is impossible to know which high schools are ‘the best’ in the nation, ”their letter read. in part. “Determining whether different schools do or don’t offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different measures, including students’ overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. And taking into consideration the unique needs of their communities.”

  In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won’t be necessary.

  注意:此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.

  1. Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of __________.

  A) ensuring no child is left behind

  B) increasing economic efficiency

  C) improving students’ performance on SAT

  D)providing good education for baby boomers

  2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools?

  A)Teachers’ workload increased.

  B)Students’ performance declined.

  C)Administration became centralized.

  D)Students focused more on test scores.

  3.What is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation?

  A)They are usually magnet schools.

  B)They are often located in poor neighborhoods.

  C)They are popular with high-achieving students.

  D)They are mostly small in size.

  4.What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education?

  A)Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.

  B)A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.

  C)Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.

  D)Students have to meet higher academic standards.

  5.Newsweek ranked high schools according to .

  A)their students’ academic achievement

  B)the number of their students admitted to college

  C)the size and number of their graduating classes

  D)their college-level test participation

  6.What can we learn about Hillsdale’s students in the late 1990s?

  A)They were made to study hard like prisoners.

  B)They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames.

  C)Most of them did not have any sense of discipline,

  D)Their school performance was getting worse.

  7.According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could .

  A)tell their teachers what they did on weekends

  B)experience a great deal of pleasure in learning

  C)maintain closer relationships with their teachers

  D)tackle the demanding biology and physics courses

  8. is still considered a strength of Newsweek’s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives_________.

  9.According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use_________.

  10.To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take_________ .

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A

  8. The proportion of students taking college-level exams

  9. A look at many different measures

  10. tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers

2011年12月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

  Why Integrity Matters

  What is Integrity?

  The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

  What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.

  Risky Business

  We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.

  Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.

  "But Everybody Does It"

  Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.

  To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

  Evaluating Risks

  To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" in the class; suspension or dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.

  Getting Away With It--Or Not

  Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.

  Cheating Hurts Others, Too

  Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but ⑧.a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatant and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.

  Why Integrity Matters

  If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. ⑨.We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, ⑩.Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.

  In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.

  1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______。

  A) sticks to them in their daily life  B) makes them known to others

  C) understands their true values   D) sees that others also follow them

  2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?

  A) It helps to create team spirit  B) It facilitates communication

  C) It is the basis of mutual trust  D) It inspires mutual respect

  3. Why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take?

  A. To ensure we make responsible choices  B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress

  C. so that we don’t break any rules  D. so that we don’t run into trouble

  4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______

  A. it has caused no harm   B. it is claimed to be unintentional

  C. it has gone unnoticed   D. it is committed with good intentions

  5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?

  A. Avoid making excuses   B. Listen to other people’s advice

  C. Make his intensions public   D. Have others watch over his shoulder

  6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______。

  A. will often become more cautious  B. are usually very aggressive

  C. value immediate benefits most  D. may lose everything in the end

  7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______

  A. pay more dearly   B. become more confident

  C. be widely admired D. feel somewhat lucky

  8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to _______

  9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s _________________________

  10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of _______

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1. A) sticks to them in their daily life

  2. C) It is the basis of mutual trust。

  3. A) To ensure we make responsible choices。

  4. B) it is claimed to be unintentional

  5. A) Avoid making excuses。

  6. C) value immediate benefits most

  7. A) pay more dearly

  8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education; all they care about is how to steal a grade。

  9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith。

  10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal。

2011年6月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  British Cuisine: the Best of Old and New

  British cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.

  Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong’s smartest British restaurants, Alfie’s by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say.

  “The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England,” the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking—and eating—didn’t have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston Blumenthal’s molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish.

  “It’s no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food,” Tomes says.

  There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation’s cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain’s food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给).

  “As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food,” Tomes says. “And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens.”

  They weren’t looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn’t compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.

  Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital’s culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.

  With the opening of Alfie’s in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong.“With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up,” says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. “Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes.”

  Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes(菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.

  Tamlyn is in the second camp.“We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊) we use Bird’s Custard Powder,” Tamlyn says.“Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that.”

  Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes.“There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can’t alter these too much. We’re a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged.”

  These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie’s, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen’s club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance(原产地).“Britain has started to become really proud of the food it’s producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats.”

  However, the British don’t have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients.

  “We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK,” Tamlyn explains. “But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples.”

  The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of “British cuisine”, while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets.

  “We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn’t perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish.”

  Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.

  Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.

  At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and“mixing it up” is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner.“That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like,” Hill says.

  This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries(烤肉馆), Tamlyn says.“Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them.”

  Some British traditions are too sacred(神圣的) to mess with, however, Tomes says.“I’d never change a full English breakfast.”

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答; 8-10题在答题卡1上。

  1. What is British food generally known for?

  [A] Its unique flavour. [C] Its special cooking methods.

  [B] Its bad taste. [D] Its organic ingredients.

  2. The Second World War led to ______ in Britain.

  [A] an inadequate supply of food [C] an increase in food import

  [B] a decrease of grain production [D] a change in people’s eating habits

  3. Why couldn’t Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades?

  [A] Its food lacked variety. [C] It was short of well-trained chefs.

  [B] Its people cared more for quantity. [D] It didn’t have flavourful food ingredients.

  4. With culinary improvement in recent years, London’s restaurants are now able to appeal to the tastes of ______.

  [A] most young people [C] all kinds of overseas visitors

  [B] elderly British diners [D] upper-class customers

  5. What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn?

  [A] Authentic classic cuisine. [C] New ideas and presentations.

  [B] Locally produced ingredients. [D] The return of home-style dishes.

  6. While using quality ingredients, David Tamlyn insists that the dishes should ______.

  [A] benefit people’s health [C] be offered at reasonable prices

  [B] look beautiful and inviting [D] maintain British traditional tastes

  7. Why does Neil Tomes say he loves food ingredients from Britain?

  [A] They appeal to people from all over the world. [C] They are processed in a scientific way.

  [B] They are produced on excellent organic farms. [D] They come in a great variety.

  8. Tamlyn says that besides importing ingredients from Britain once a week, his restaurant also buys vegetables from _____________________________________________.

  9. The Phoenix in Mid-Levels may not use British ingredients, but presents its dishes ______________________________.

  10. Yorkshire Pudding is a restaurant which will bring full dishes to the table but offer plates to those diners who would like to __________________________________________________.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1. B. Its bad taste

  2. A. an inadequate supply of production

  3. B. Its people cared more for quantity

  4. C. all kinds of overseas visitors

  5. C. New ideas and presentations

  6. D. maintain British traditional tastes

  7. B. They are produced on excellent organic farms

  8. the local markets

  9. in a British way

  10. share their meals

2010年12月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension快速阅读(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

  A Grassroots Remedy

  Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.

  But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.

  The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.

  A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.

  Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.

  Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.

  But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.

  One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.

  The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.

  In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.

  Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.

  We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging.

  Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.

  We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we are less than human.

  Five ways to find harmony with the natural world

  Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.

  Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.

  Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background.

  Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.

  Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1. What is the author’s profound belief?

  [A] People instinctively seek nature in different ways.

  [B] People should spend most of their lives in the wild.

  [C] People have quite different perceptions of nature.

  [D] People must make more efforts to study nature.

  2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?

  [A] Personal freedom.

  [B] Things that are natural.

  [C] Urban surroundings.

  [D] Things that are purchased.

  3. What does a study in Sweden show?

  [A] The natural environment can help children learn better.

  [B] More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.

  [C] A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.

  [D] Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.

  4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.

  [A] tend to develop a strong love for science

  [B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife

  [C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthood

  [D] are less likely to be involved in bullying

  5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?

  [A] Find more effective drugs for them.

  [B] Provide more green spaces for them.

  [C] Place them under more personal care.

  [D] Engage them in more meaningful activities.

  6. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?

  [A] They look on life optimistically. [C] They are able to live longer.

  [B] They enjoy a life of better quality. [D] They become good-humoured.

  7. Dr William Bird suggests in his study that ________.

  [A] humanity and nature are complementary to each other

  [B] wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in people

  [C] access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence

  [D] it takes a long time to restore nature once damaged

  8. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be________________________.

  9. The author believes that we would not be so civilised without ________________________.

  10. The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are meant to encourage people to seek _________________ with the natural world.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1.A) People instinctively seek nature in different ways.

  答案:第一段最后一句直接给出关键字profound belief, whether 引导的从句对应答案中的instinctively

  2.D) Things that are purchased.

  答案:第二段最后一句,what is best对应题目中的prefer, that is to say作为暗示直接引出之后的things that can be bought,选择D

  3.B) More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.

  答案:题干中有关瑞典研究,定位到第四段第一句,结合语义,不难得出B的正确答案

  4.D) are less likely to be involved in bullying

  答案:A选项具有干扰性,第三段结尾给出自然熏陶能够提高学生学科水平的线索,但考虑到快速阅读题的传统,即题目顺序对应文章顺序,所以应该定位到第四段之后的内容,即大段有关bullying的段落,得出答案D。

  5.B) Provide more green spaces for them.

  答案:对应第八段内容,作者通过否定患儿对药物的依赖性来给出自己的建议,结合全文主旨自然环境的重要性,得出B答案

  6.B) They enjoy a life of better quality.

  答案:第九段第二句点出老龄人口增长的侧重点是在高质量的生活水平上,紧接着又指出绿色的生活方式是达到该种高质量生活水平的最重要因素。

  7.C) access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence

  答案:十一段引文中can reduce violent behavior,直接对应C选项

  8.separated

  答案:题干是有关人们错误观念的问题,找到倒数第三段的关键段error引导的内容,再对应到humanity and the natural world,得出separated(照抄原文separable与can重复,separable本身词义即能够分离的)

  9.the wild world

  答案:最后一段第二句直接命中题干,照抄the wild world即可。

  10. harmony

2010年6月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  Caught in the Web

  A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.

  "I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart – kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.

  Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.

  Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.

  But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.

  "There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.

  Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.

  The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."

  About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time."

  "The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites.

  Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."

  Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.

  The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:

  ● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.

  ● Longing for more and more time at the computer.

  ● Neglect of family and friends.

  ● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.

  ● Lying to employers and family about activities.

  ● Inability to stop the activity.

  ● Problems with school or job.

  Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.

  People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed."

  Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."

  Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight.

  "There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."

  Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction."

  "I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."

  Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?

  A) Her daughter's repeated complaints.

  B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.

  C) The poorly managed state of her house.

  D) The high financial costs adding up.

  2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?

  A) People should be warned of its harmful consequences.

  B) It has become virtually inevitable.

  C) It has been somewhat exaggerated.

  D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.

  3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______.

  A) try to improve the Internet environment

  B) become aware of its serious consequences

  C) can realize what is important in life

  D) can reach a consensus on its definition

  4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if ______.

  A) it seriously affected family relationships

  B) one visited porn websites frequently

  C) too much time was spent in chat rooms

  D) people got involved in online gambling

  5. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel ______.

  A) discouraged

  B) pressured

  C) depressed

  D) puzzled

  6. Why did Andre Heidrich cut back online gaming?

  A) He had lost a lot of money.

  B) His family had intervened.

  C) He had offended his relatives.

  D) His career had been ruined.

  7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to ______.

  A) improve his online gaming skills

  B) curb his desire for online gaming

  C) show how good he is at online gaming

  D) exchange online gaming experience

  8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.

  9. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford to seek ______.

  10. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about ______.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1. A) her daughters' repeated complains

  2. D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition

  3. C) can realize what is important in life

  4. A) it seriously affected family relationships

  5. C) depressed

  6. B) His family had intervened

  7. B) curb his desire for online gaming

  8. had an Internet addiction

  9. professional help

  10. online dating

2009年12月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II  Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)  (15 minutes)

  Directions:  In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid*

  Good grades and high test scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid.

  But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examing whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.

  George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients (接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.

  Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008.

  Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility (资格) have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school.

  For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above scholarship amount to keep the institution running.

  But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profiles. “They’re trying to buy students,” says Skidmore Colllege economist Sandy Baum.

  Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it.

  “As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Report’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.

  Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $1 milion a year, “served us well,” Inzer says, but “to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”

  Need-based aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states, is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level.

  Between 1995-96 and 2003-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.

  But in recent years, a growing chorus (异口同声) of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on.” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need.

  David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.

  “No one can take one-sided action,” says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption (豁免) from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid. “This is a merry-go-round that’s going very fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks of trying to break away by themselves.”

  A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, as tuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs.

  That is one reason Allegheny College doesn’t plan to drop merit aid entirely.

  “We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly value the scholarship,” says Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny’s vice president for enrollment.

  Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a $4.7 billion endowment (捐赠), meanwhile, is taking another approach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its 28-year-old merit program.

  “Yeah, we’re playing the merit game,” acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduate education. But it has its strong points, too, he says, “The fact of the matter is, it’s not just about the lowest-income people. It’s the average American middle-class family who’s being priced out of the market.”

  *A few words about merit-based aid:

  Merit-based aid is aid offered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and is generally known as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships.

  Academic merit scholarships are based on students’ grades, GPA and overall academic performance during high school. They are typically meant for students going straight to college right after high school. However, there are scholarships for current college students with exceptional grades as well. These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases, students may need to be recommended by their school or a tearcher as part of the qualification process.

  Athletic merit scholarships are meant for student that excel (突出) in sports of any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for these scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee (裁判). Applicants need to send in a tape containing their best performance.

  Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music, dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio (选辑) of some sort, whether that includes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1.  With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are ________.

  A) offering students more merit-based aid

  B) revising their financial aid policies

  C) increasing the amount of financial aid

  D) changing their admission processes

  2.  What did Allegheny College in Meadville do three years ago?

  A) It tried to implement a novel financial aid program.

  B) It added $2.5 million to its need-based aid program.

  C) It phased out its merit-based scholarships altogether.

  D) It cuts its merit-based aid to help the needy students.

  3.  The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to ________.

  A) improve teaching quality

  B) boost their enrollments

  C) attract good students

  D) increase their revenues

  4.  Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, believed ________.

  A) it doesn’t pay to spend $1 million a year to raise its ranking

  B) it gives students motivation to award academic achievements

  C) it’s illogical to use so much money on only 4% of its students

  D) it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition

  5.  In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to ________.

  A) more government funding to colleges

  B) fierce competition among institutions

  C) the increasing number of top students

  D) schools’ improved financial situations

  6.  What is the attitude of many private colleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?

  A) They would like to see it reduced.

  B) They regard it as a necessary evil.

  C) They think it does more harm than good.

  D) They consider it unfair to middle-class families.

  7.  Why doesn’t Allegheny College plan to drop merit entirely?

  A) Rising tuitions have made college unaffordable for middle-class families.

  B) With rising incomes, fewer students are applying for need-based aid.

  C) Many students from middle-income families have come to rely on it.

  D) Rising incomes have disqualified many students for need-based aid.

  8.  Annual renewal of academic merit scholarships depends on whether the recipients remain ________.

  9.  Applicants for athletic merit scholarships need a recommendation from a coach or a referee who ________ their exceptional athletic performance.

  10.  Applicants for artistic merit scholarships must produce evidence to show their ________ in a particular artistic field.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1.B revising their financial aid polices

  2.D It cut its merit-based aid to help the needy students

  3.C attract good students

  4. D it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition

  5. B fierce competition among institutions

  6. B They regard it as a necessary evil

  7. C Many students from middle-income families have come to rely on it

  8. qualified

  9. recognizes

  10. excellence

2009年6月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, chiose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  How Do You See Diversity?

  As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.

  He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.

  “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes.

  “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.”

  Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .

  Hire Advantage

  At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .

  “During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”

  Blinded by Gender

  Dale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .

  “I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .

  “I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”

  Year of the Know-It-All

  Doug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.

  “One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .

  “He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .

  “Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Doug admits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.”

  A better Bottom Line

  An open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”

  Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .

  When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .

  1.What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?

  A)He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.

  B)He was slow in answering her questions.

  C)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.

  D)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .

  2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from__________.

  A) Racial stereotypes.     C) Racial stereotypes.

  B) Invalid personal bias  .   D) Emphasis on physical appearance

  3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the  author?

  A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.

  B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.

  C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.

  D) Expanding domestic and international markets.

  4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?

  A) A real estate agency.     C) A cultural exchange organization.

  B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company

  5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that__________.

  A) He had hired the wrong person.

  B) He could have done more for his company.

  C) He had not managed his workforce well.

  D) He must get rid of his gender bias.

  6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?

  A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.

  B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.

  C) It helped him make fair decisions.

  D) It met participants’ diverse needs.

  7. How did Doug , a supervisor ,respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request for leave?

  A)He told him to get the dates right.  C)He flatly turned it down

  B)He demanded an explanation.   D)He readily approved it.

  8. Doug felt________when he realized that his assumption was wrong.

  9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops , the participants came to know the importance of________to their business.

  10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve  diversity and benefit from the________  between us.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1.A. He just wouldn’t look her in the dye。

  2.C cultural ignorance

  3.B Increasing understanding of people of other cultures。

  4.B A personnel training company。

  5.D he must get rid of his gender bias

  6.C It helped him make fair decisions。

  7.A He told him to get the dates right。

  8. embarrassed

  9. inclusiveness

  10. differences and similarities

2008年12月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For question 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  That's enough, kids

  It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

  "I'd watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he'd shoved." she says,"I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly,' No, we don't push.'" What happened next was unexpected.

  "The boy's mother ran toward me from across the park." Stella says. " I thought she was coming over to apologise, but instead she started shouting at me for 'disciplining her child'. All I did was let him know his behaviour was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?"

  Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people's children has become a minefield

  In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister's house it's encouraged. For her, it's about kids being kids:"If you can't do it at three, when can you do it?"

  Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt's house. But I find myself saying "no" a lot when her kids are over at mine. That's OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you're talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

  "Kids aren't all raised the same." agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University. "But there's still an idea that they're the property of the parents. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you're saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that's somehow a criticism of me."

  In those circumstances, it's difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

  "I'd go to the first." says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids,"Usually a quiet reminder that ' we don't do that here' is enough. Kids have finely tuned antennae(直觉)for how to behave in different settings."

  He points out that bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches,too.

  This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. "Raise your concerns with the parents if they're there and ask them to deal with it." she says.

  **** how to approach a parent in this situation. Psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:"Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ' I know you'll think I'm silly but in my house I don't want...'"

  When it comes to situations where you're earing for another child. White is straightforward:"Common sense muse prevail. If things don't go well then have a chat."

  There're a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. "Now you can't do it without feeling uneasy about it." White says.

  Men might also feel uneasy about dealing with other people's children. "Men feel nervous," White says. "A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children."

  For Andrew Fuller, the child-centrid nature of our society has affected everyone. "The rules are different now from when today's parents were growing up," he says. "Adults are scared of saying, ' Don't swear ', or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They're worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out-either from older children, or their parents."

  He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy(礼貌), and says that adults suffer from it as much as children.

  Meredith Fuller agrees,"A code of conduct is hard to create when you're living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last."

  "It's about what I'm doing an what I need," Andrew Fuller says."The days when a kid came home from school and said, ' I got into trouble ', and dad said, ' You probably deserved it', are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers."

  This jumping to our children's defence is part of what fuels the "walking on eggshells" feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people's children. You know that if you remonstrate (劝诫) with the child, you're going to have to deal with the parents. It's admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?

  "Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries," White says. "I suspect that it's only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school-better0educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved."

  White believes our notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged. "Today we have a situation where, in many families, both parents work, so the amount of time children get from parents has diminished," she says.

  "Also, sometimes when we talk about being child-centred, it's a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We ' re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud or , rather than serve the best interests of the children."

  One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi's intervention (干预)on her son;s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy's mother.

  As Bianchi approached the park bench where she ' d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. "Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for had behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged."

  Andrew Fuller doesn't believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people's kids. "Look at kids that aren't your own as a potential minefield." he says. He recommends that we don't stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy's mother to do when she talked to him?

  A) Make an apology.       C) Discipline her own boy.

  B) Come over to intervene.    D) Take her own boy away.

  2. What does the author say about dealing with other people's children?

  A) It's important not to hurt them in any way.

  B) It's no use trying to stop their wrongdoing.

  C) It's advisable to treat them as one's own kids.

  D) It's possible for one to get into lots of trouble.

  3. According to Professor Naomi White of Monash University, when one's kids are criticised, their parents will probably feel ___________.

  A) discouraged       C) puzzled

  B) hurt          D) overwhelmed

  4. What should one do when seeing other people's kids misbehave according to Andrew Fuller?

  A) Talk to them directly in a mild way.      C) Simply leave them alone.

  B) Complain to their parents politely.       D) Punish them lightly.

  5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, ___________.

  A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

  B) people think it improper to criticise kids in public

  C) people are reluctant to point out kid's wrongdoings

  D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

  6. In a word where everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, _________.

  A) it's easy for people to become impatient

  B) it's difficult to create a code of conduct

  C) it's important to be friendly to everybody

  D) it's hard for people to admire each other

  7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?

  A) They'd question the teachers.     C) They'd tell the kids to calm down.

  B) They'd charge up to the school.    D) They'd put the blame on their kids.

  8. Professor White believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be __________.

  9. According to Professor White, today's parents treat their children as something they _________.

  10. Andrew Fuller suggests that, when kids behave inappropriately, people should not ________.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1. A make an apology. 对应原文第7行 I thought she was coming over to apologise

  2. D It’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble 对应原文第10行 Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield,其中minefield指的是雷区,表明比较难于处理的问题

  3. B hurt 对应原文第一页倒数第10行then that’s somehow a criticism of me

  4. A Talk to them directly in a mild way. 对应原文第一页倒数第6行 usually a quiet reminder that “we don’t do that here” is enough.

  5. C people are reluctant to point out kid’s wrongdoings. 此题难度较大,需要阅读中跳跃的范围较大,要直接跳到原文第二页的第10行 For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone, “The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up.

  6. B It’s difficult to create a code of conduct. 对应原文第二页第16行

  7. D They’d put the blame on their kids 对应原文第二页20行 “I got into trouble”, and dad said, “ You probably deserved it.”

  8. challenged

  9. can be proud of

  10. stay silent

2008年6月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Media Selection for Advertisements

  After determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.

  Television

  Television is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.

  Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance.

  is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.

  Newspaper?

  After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.

  Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.

  Radio

  Advertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.

  Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the

  local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.

  Magazines

  Newsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.

  Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.

  Out-of-home advertising

  Out-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.

  Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they.

  Can change their messages more quickly.

  Internet

  As consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.

  Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.

  Direct mail

  A final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.

  1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.

  A) it has large audiences

  B) it appeals to housewives

  C) it helps build up a company's reputation

  D) it is affordable to most advertisers

  2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.

  A) the cost of TV advertising has decreased

  B) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increased

  C) advertisers' interest in other media has decreased

  D) the number of TV ads people can see has increased

  3.Compared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.

  A) earn a larger annual ad revenue

  B) convey more detailed messages

  C) use more production techniques

  D) get messages out more effectively

  4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.

  A) more local radio stations have been set up

  B) modern technology makes it more entertaining

  C) it provides easy access to consumers

  D) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.

  5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.

  A) reach target audiences

  B) modern technology makes it more entertaining C) appeal to educated people.

  D) convey all kinds of messages

  6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______

  A) billboards can be replaced within two hours

  B) consumers travel more now ever before

  C) such ads have been made much more attractive

  D) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays

  7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are___________.

  A) quick to update

  B) pleasant to look at

  C) easy to remember

  D) convenient to access

  8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be_____________

  9.Direct mail is an effecitive form of advertising for businesses to develop_________________________

  10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D/B 7.C

  8.quite homogeneous

  9.relationships with consumers

  10.media

2007年12月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part Ⅱ Rading comprehension (Skimming and scanning) (15minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passsage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  Univeraities Branch Out

  As never before in their long story, universities have become instruments of national

  competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that

  move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and

  maintain competitive advantages. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow

  of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for

  global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.

  In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become

  More self-consciousy global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire

  range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers,

  offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative

  (合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.

  Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.0 percent, from 8000,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2994. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries id growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.

  Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2, 2000 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity and providing the financial resources to make it possible.

  Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries;

  Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducing from a word-class scientist and his U.S. team.

  As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led of the world in the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the internet infrastructure(基础设施)and applications software of

  the 1990s.The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and

  Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world ,governments have encouraged copying of his model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.

  For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research university model. Most politician recognize the link between investment in science and national

  Economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003,but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.

  American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. Universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U .K. Objections from Americans university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline ,but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.

  Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students and like immigrants throughout history-strength the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished(珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few Instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1.From the first paragraph we know that present –day universities have become

  A.more and more research-oriented

  B.in-service training organizations

  C.more popularized than ever before

  D.a powerful force for global integration

  2.Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased

  A.by2.5 million B.by 800,000

  C.at an annual rate of 3.9 percent

  D.at an annual rate of 8 percent

  3.In the United States,how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?

  A.10% B.20% C.30% D.38%

  4.How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?

  A.They organize a series of seminars on world economy

  B.They offer them various courses in international politics

  C.They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program

  D.They give them chances for international study or internship

  5.An example illustrating the general trend of universities’ globalization is

  A.Yale’s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research

  B.Yale’s helping Chinese universities to launch research projects

  C.Yale’s student exchange program with European institutions

  D.Yale’s establishing branch campuses throughout the world

  6.What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?

  A.It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard

  B.It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company

  C.It was intentionally created by Stanford University

  D.It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up

  7.What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?

  A.It has increased by 3 percent

  B.It has been unsteady for years

  C.It has been more than sufficient

  D.It doubled between 1998 and 2003

  8.The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S after September 11 was caused by

  9.Many Americans fear that American competiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will

  10.The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1. B. in service training organizations

  2. C. at an annual rate of 3.9 percent

  3. B. 20%

  4. D. They give them chances for international study or internship

  5. A. Yales collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research

  6. C. It is intentionally created by Stanford University.

  7. B. It has been unsteady for years.

  8. changes in the visa process

  9. take their knowledge and skills back home

  10. strengthen the nation

2007年6月英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

  Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

  Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

  For questions 1-7, mark

  Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

  N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

  NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

  For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

  Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online

  Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.

  The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized.

  Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic,” states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy. “It’s certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It’s worldwide. It affects everybody, and there’s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can’t detect it until it’s probably too late.”

  Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, you personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims’ names. In many cases, a victim’s losses may included not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.

  According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online job search is learning to manager the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on the Internet.

  1. Check for a privacy policy.

  If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site your are considering has a privacy policy, like CareerBuilder.com. The policy should spell out how your information will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员).

  When reviewing the site’s privacy policy, you’ll be able to delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You won’t necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.

  2. Take advantage of site features.

  Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objective and the level of risk you are willing to assume.

  CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadest employer audience possible.

  The second is anonymous (匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed. Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact information to display.

  The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on CareerBuilder.com without retyping their information.

  3. Safeguard your identity.

  Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier, such as “Intranet Developer Candidate,” or “Experienced Marketing Representative.”

  You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use a general description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer,” or “International packaged goods supplier.”

  If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned by your employer.

  4. Establish and email address for your search.

  Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you don’t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.

  Using an email address specifically for you job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn’t contain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@provider.com.

  5. Protect your reference.

  If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There’s no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.

  6. Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential.

  Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver’s license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don’t provide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book – don’t fall for it.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

  1.Robert Ellis Smith believes identity theft is difficult to detect and one can hardly do anything to prevent it.

  2.In many cases, identity theft not only causes the victims’ immediate financial losses but costs them a lot to restore their reputation.

  3.Identity theft is a minor offence and its harm has been somewhat overestimated.

  4.It is important that your resume not stay online longer than is necessary.

  5.Of the three options offered by CareerBuilder.com in Suggestion 2, the third one is apparently most strongly recommended.

  6.Employers require applicants to submit very personal information on background checks.

  7.Applicants are advised to use generic names for themselves and their current employers when seeking employment online.

  8.Using a special email address in the job search can help prevent your from receiving ________.

  9.To protect your references, you should not post online their ________.

  10.According to the passage, identity theft is committed typically for ________.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  1. Y

  2. Y

  3. N.

  4. Y.

  5. NG

  6. N

  7. Y

  8. unwelcome emails

  9. names and contact information

  10. economic gain

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2012年12月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more

  11. A) He needs another week for the painting.

  B) The painting was completed just in time.

  C) The building won’t open until next week.

  D) His artistic work has been well received.

  12. A) Go camping. B) Decorate his house.

  C) Rent a tent. D) Organize a party.

  13. A) She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone.

  B) She is about to call Mr. Wright’s secretary.

  C) She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time.

  D) She failed to reach Mr. Wright.

  14. A) He is actually very hardworking.

  B) He has difficulty finishing his project.

  C) He needs to spend more time in the lab.

  D) He seldom tells the truth about himself.

  15. A) Rules restricting smoking.

  B) Ways to quit smoking.

  C) Smokers’ health problems.

  D) Hazards of passive smoking.

  16. A) He is out of town all morning.

  B) He is tied up in family matters.

  C) He has been writing a report.

  D) He has got meetings to attend.

  17. A) He is not easy-going.

  B) He is the speakers’ boss.

  C) He is not at home this weekend.

  D) He seldom invites people to his home.

  18. A) Take a break.

  B) Refuel his car.

  C) Ask the way.

  D) Have a cup of coffee.

  Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19. A) They are as good as historical films.

  B) They give youngsters a thrill.

  C) They have greatly improved.

  D) They are better than comics on film.

  20. A) The effects were very good.

  B) The acting was just so-so.

  C) The plot was too complicated.

  D) The characters were lifelike.

  21. A) They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle.

  B) They played the same role in War of the Worlds.

  C) They are popular figures among young people.

  D) They are two leading characters in the film.

  Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  22. A) It is scheduled on Thursday night.

  B) It is supposed to last nine weeks.

  C) It takes place once a week.

  D) It usually starts at six.

  23. A) To make good use of her spare time in the evening.

  B) To meet the requirements of her in-service training.

  C) To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible.

  D) To get some basic knowledge about car maintenance.

  24. A) Participate in group discussions.

  B) Take turns to make presentations.

  C) Listen to the teacher’s explanation.

  D) Answer the teacher’s questions.

  25. A) Most of them are female.

  B) Some have a part-time job.

  C) They plan to buy a new car.

  D) A few of them are old chaps.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11A 12A 13D 14A 15A

  16D 17A 18B 19C 20A

  21D 22D 23C 24C 25A

  Section B

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26. A) She is not good at making friends.

  B) She is not well off.

  C) She enjoys company.

  D) She likes to go to concerts alone.

  27. A) Their similar social status.

  B) Their interdependence.

  C) Their common interest.

  D) Their identical character.

  28. A) Invite Pat to a live concert.

  B) Buy some gifts for Pat’s kids.

  C) Help take care of Pat’s kids.

  D) Pay for Pat’s season tickets.

  29. A) It can develop between people with a big difference in income.

  B) It can be maintained among people of different age groups.

  C) It cannot last long without similar family background.

  D) It cannot be sustained when friends move far apart.

  Passage Two

  Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  30. A) Priority of students’ academic achievements.

  B) Equal education opportunities to all children.

  C) Social equality between teachers and students.

  D) Respect for students’ individuality.

  31. A) Efficient.

  B) Complicated.

  C) Lengthy.

  D) Democratic.

  32. A) To help them acquire hands-on experience.

  B) To try to cut down its operational expenses.

  C) To provide part-time jobs for needy students.

  D) To enable them to learn to take responsibility.

  Passage Three

  Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  33. A) The best way to work through a finger maze.

  B) Individuals doing better in front of an audience.

  C) Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology.

  D) Improvements on the classification of human behavior.

  34. A) When you feel encouraged by the audience.

  B) When you try to figure out a confusing game.

  C) When you already know how to do something.

  D) When you complete with other people in a group.

  35. A) Practicing constantly.

  B) Working by oneself.

  C) Learning by doing.

  D) Using proven methods.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26C 27D 28D 29B 30B

  31D 32D 33D 34C 35B

  Section C

  Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36) ______ of food available. They have a broader (37) ______ of nutrition (营养), so they buy more fresh fruit and (38) _______ than ever before. At the same time, Americans (39)______ increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.

  Statistics show that the way people live (40) ______ the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, (41) ______ parents and children, and double-income families. These changing lifestyles are (42) ______ for the increasing number of people who must (43) ______ meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. (44) ______________Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average.

  It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. (45) _____________This information not only tells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. (46) __ Instead, chicken, turkey and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36selection of

  37knowledge

  38vegetables

  39purchase

  40determines

  41single

  42responsible

  43rush

  44Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens.

  45The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records.

  46Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite.

2012年6月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

  11. A)Trying to sketch a map C)Discussing a house plan.

  B)Painting the dining room. D)Cleaning the kitchen.

  12.A)She is tired of the food in the canteen.

  B)She often eats in a French restaurant.

  C) She usually takes a snack in the KFC.

  D)She in very fussy about what she eats.

  13.A) Listening to some loud music C)Talking loudly on the telephone.

  B)Preparing for as oral examination. D)Practicing for a speech contest.

  14.A)The man has left a good impression on her family.

  B)The man can dress casually for the occasion.

  C)The man should buy himself a new suit.

  D)The man’s jeans and T-shirts are stylish.

  15.A)Grey pants made from pure cotton. C)100% cotton pants in dark blue.

  B) Fashionable pants in bright colors. D)Something to match her brown pants.

  16.A) Its price. C)Its comfort.

  B)Its location D)Its facilities.

  17.A)Travel overseas. C)Take a photo.

  B)Look for a new job. D)Adopt a child.

  18.A)It is a routine offer. C)It is quite healthy.

  B)It is new on the menu. D)It is a good bargain.

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you .

  19.A)Hosting an evening TV program. C)Lecturing on business management.

  B) Having her bicycle repaired. D)Conducting a market survey.

  20.A) He repaired bicycles. C)He worked as a salesman.

  B)He served as a consultant. D)He coached in a racing club.

  21.A) He wanted to be his own boss.

  B) He found it more profitable

  C)He didn’t want to start from scratch.

  D)He didn’t want to be in too much debt.

  22.A)They work five days a week. C)They are paid by the hour.

  B)They are all the man’s friends. D)They all enjoy gambling.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23.A)It has gradually given way to service industry.

  B)It remains a major part of industrial activity.

  C)It has a history as long as paper processing.

  D)It accounts for 80 percent of the region’s GDP.

  24.A) Transport problems. C)Lack of resources.

  B)Shortage of funding. D)poor management.

  25.A) Competition from rival companies. C)Possible locations for a new factory

  B)Product promotion campaigns. D)Measures to create job opportunities.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. D. Discussing a house plan.

  12. D. She is tired of the food in the canteen.

  13. C. Listening to some loud music.

  14. C. The man can dress casually for the occasion.

  15. A. 100% cotton pants in dark blue.

  16. C. Its location.

  17. C. Travel overseas.

  18. A. It is a fair bargain.

  19. D Hosting an evening TV program

  20. A He worked as a salesman

  21. B He wanted to be his own boss

  22. A They are all the man’s friends

  23. B It remains a major of industrial activity

  24. C Transport problem

  25. D Measures to create job opportunities.

   Section B

  Directions: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26.A)They shared mutual friends in school.

  B)They had known each other since childhood.

  C)They shared many extracurricular activities.

  D)They had many interests in common.

  27.A)At a local club. B)At the sports center.

  B)At Joe’s house. D)At the bearing school.

  28.A)Durable friendships can be very difficult to maintain

  B)One has to be respectful of other people in order to win respect.

  C)It is hard for people from different backgrounds to become friends

  D)Social divisions will break down if people get to know each other

  Passage Two

  Questions 29 to 31 are based as the passage you have just heart.

  29.A)Near the entrance of a park. C)At a parking meter.

  B)In his building’s parking lot D)At a street corner.

  30.A)It had been taken by the police C)In had been stolen by someone.

  B)it had keen moved to the next block. D )it had been parked at a wrong place

  31. A)At the Greenville center. C)In a neighboring town.

  B) At a public parking lot. D)In a the city garage.

  Passage Three

  Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  32.A)Famous creative individuals. C)A major scientific discovery.

  B)The mysteriousness of creativity. D)Creativity as shown in arts.

  33.A)It is something people all engage in. C) It starts soon after we are born.

  B) It helps people acquire knowledge. D) It is the source of all artistic work.

  34.A) Creative imagination. C) Natural curiosity.

  B) Logical reasoning D) Critical thinking.

  35.A)It is beyond ordinary people. C)It is part of everyday life.

  B)It is yet to be fully understood. D)It is a unique human trait.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26.B. They had known each other since childhood.

  27.B. At Joe’s houses.

  28. A. Social divisions will break down if people get to know each other.

  29. A. In his building’s parking lot.

  30. A. It had been stolen by someone.

  31. B. In the city garage.

  32. D. The mysteriousness of creativity.

  33. A. It is the source of all artistic work.

  34. D. Creative imagination.

  35. A. It is part of everyday life.

  Section C

  Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can other use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your are words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Students have been complaining more and more about stolen property. Radios, cell phones, bicycles, pocket(36) ,and books have all been reported stolen. Are there enough campus police to do the job?

  There are 20 officers in the Campus Security Division Their job is to(37)_____crime, accidents lost and found(38)_______,and traffic problems on campus. More than half of their time is spent directing traffic and writing parking tickets.(39)____ promptly to accidents and other(40)____is important, but it is their smallest job.

  Dealing with crime takes up the rest of their time. Very(41)___do any violent crimes actually(42)____.In the last five years there have been no(43) .seven robberies and about 60 other violent attacks, most of these involving fights at parties. On the other hand,(44)_____,which usually involves breaking windows or lights or writing on walls. The thefts are not the carefully planned burglaries(入室盗窃)that you see in movies.(45)_____ Do we really need more police? Hiring more campus police would cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again.(46)____

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. calculators

  37. handle

  38. items

  39. Responding

  40. emergencies

  41. rarely

  42. occur

  43. murders

  44. there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property

  45. Things get stolen when it’s easy to steal them, because they are left lying around unwatched.

  46. A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our things.

2011年12月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  11. A. Read the notice on the window B. Get a new bus schedule

  C. Go and ask the staff D. Board the bus to Cleveland

  12. A. He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes.

  B. He enjoyed watching the animal performance.

  C. He got home too late to see the TV special

  D. He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.

  13. A. She wants to take the most direct way.

  B. She may be late for the football game.

  C. She is worried about missing her flight.

  D. She is currently caught in a traffic jam.

  14. A. At a restaurant B. In a fish shop C. At a clinic D. On a fishing boat

  15. A. He is an experienced sales manager.

  B. He is being interviewed for a job.

  C. He is a close friend of the woman.

  D. He is good at answering tricky questions.

  16. A. The man should consider his privacy first.

  B. The man will choose a low-rent apartment.

  C. The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place

  D. The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.

  17. A. The woman is going to make her topic more focused.

  B. The man and woman are working on a joint project.

  C. One should choose a broad topic for a research paper.

  D. It tool a lot of time to get the man on the right track.

  18. A. They went camping this time last year.

  B. They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.

  C. They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions.

  D. They weren’t experienced in organizing picnics.

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19. A. H e likes Sweden better than England.

  B. He prefers hot weather to cold weather.

  C. He is an Englishman living in Sweden.

  D. He visits London nearly every winter.

  20. A. The bad weather B. The gloomy winter C. The cold houses D. The long night

  21. A. Delightful B. Painful C. Depressing D. Refreshing

  22. A. They often stay up late reading B. They work hard and play hard

  C. They like to go camping in summer D. They try to earn more and spend more

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23. A. English Literature B. Management C. French D. Public Administration

  24. A. English teaching B. Staff training

  C. Careers guidance D. Psychological counseling

  25. A. Its generous scholarships B. Its worldwide fame

  C. Its well-designed courses D. Its pleasant environment

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11.C) Go and ask the staff。

  12. D) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program。

  13. C) She is worried about missing her flight。

  14. A) At a restaurant。

  15. B) He is being interviewed for a job。

  16. D) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory。

  17. A) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.

  18. B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic。

  19. C) He is an Englishman living in Sweden。

  20. C) The cold houses。

  21. C) Depressing。

  22. B) They work hard and play hard。

  23. C) French。

  24. C) Careers guidance。

  25. D) Its pleasant environment。

  Section B

  Passage One

  26. A. Characteristics of Japanese artists B. Some features of Japanese culture

  C. The art of Japanese brush painting D. The uniqueness of Japanese art

  27. A. To calm themselves down B. To enhance concentration

  C. To show their impatience D. To signal lack of interest

  28. A. How listeners in different cultures show respect

  B. How speakers can win approval from the audience

  C. How speakers can misunderstand the audience

  D. How different Western and Eastern art forms are

  Passage Two

  29. A. Directing personnel evaluation B. Buying and maintaining equipment

  C. Drawing up plans for in-service training D. Interviewing and recruiting employees

  30. A. Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire

  B. The training program he ran was a failure

  C. Two of his workers were injured at work D. Two of his employees committed theft

  31. A. A better relationship with his boss B. Advancement to a higher position

  C. A better-paying job in another company D. Improvement in the company’s management

  32. A. She has more self-confidence than Chris

  B. She works with Chris in the same division

  C. She has more management experience than Chris

  D. She is competing with Chris for the new job

  Passage Three

  33. A. They help us see the important values of a culture

  B. They guide us in handling human relationships

  C. They help us express ourselves more effectively

  D. They are an infinite source of human knowledge

  34. A. Their wording may become different B. The values they reflect may change

  C. Their origins can no longer be traced D. They may be misinterpreted occasionally

  35. A. Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures

  B. Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance

  C. Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones

  D. Certain values have always been central to a culture

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. C) The art of Japanese brush painting。

  27. B) To enhance concentration。

  28. A) How listeners in different cultures show respect。

  29. B) Buying and maintaining equipment。

  30. D) Two of his employees committed theft。

  31. B) Advancement to a higher position。

  32. D) She is competing with Chris for the new job。

  33. A) They help us see the important values of a culture。

  34. B) The values they reflect may change。

  35. A)They help us see the important values of a culture

  Section C

  Dictation

  Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own 36________. I no longer imagine I can get through a 37________ day, much less all my life, 38________ on my own. Even if I am on 39________ in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house some else has built, wearing clothes someone else has 40________ from cloth woven by others, using 41________ someone else is distributing to my house. 42________ of interdependence is everywhere. We are on this 43________ together.

  As I was growing up, 44_________. “Make your own way”, “stand on your own two feet”, or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: “Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it!” Total independence is a dominant theme in our culture, I imagine that 45______________. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural images, and instead I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally “independent” and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.

  46_______________________.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36 company,

  37single

  38completely

  39vacation

  40sewn

  41electricity

  42Evidence

  43 journey

  44I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything.

  45 what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices.

  46I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

2011年6月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  11. [A] He is careless about his appearance.

  [B] He is ashamed of his present condition.

  [C] He changes jobs frequently.

  [D] He shaves every other day.

  12. [A] Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.

  [B] Jane should have started a little earlier.

  [C] He knows what sort of person Jane is.

  [D] He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.

  13. [A] Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships.

  [B] Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip.

  [C] Collecting information about baseball games.

  [D] Analyzing their rivals’ on-field performance.

  14. [A] He had a narrow escape in a car accident.

  [B] He is hospitalized for a serious injury.

  [C] He lost his mother two weeks ago.

  [D] He has been having a hard time.

  15. [A] The woman has known the speaker for a long time.

  [B] The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.

  [C] The man is making a fuss about nothing.

  [D] The woman thinks highly of the speaker.

  16. [A] He has difficulty making sense of logic.

  [B] Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.

  [C] The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.

  [D] Tutoring services are very popular with students.

  17. [A] Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill’s.

  [B] Jill missed her class last week.

  [C] Jill wore the overcoat last week.

  [D] She is in the same class as the man.

  18. [A] A computer game.

  [B] An imaginary situation.

  [C] An exciting experience.

  [D] A vacation by the sea.

  Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19. [A] Beautiful scenery in the countryside.

  [B] Dangers of cross-country skiing.

  [C] Pain and pleasure in sports.

  [D] A sport he participates in.

  20. [A] He can’t find good examples to illustrate his point.

  [B] He can’t find a peaceful place to do the assignment.

  [C] He doesn’t know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.

  [D] He can’t decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

  21. [A] New ideas come up as you write.

  [B] Much time is spent on collecting data.

  [C] A lot of effort is made in vain.

  [D] The writer’s point of view often changes.

  Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  22. [A] Journalist of a local newspaper.

  [B] Director of evening radio programs.

  [C] Producer of television commercials.

  [D] Hostess of the weekly “Business World”.

  23. [A] He ran three restaurants with his wife’s help.

  [B] He and his wife did everything by themselves.

  [C] He worked both as a cook and a waiter.

  [D] He hired a cook and two local waitresses.

  24. [A] He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.

  [B] He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

  [C] He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.

  [D] He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.

  25. [A] The restaurant location.

  [B] The restaurant atmosphere.

  [C] The food variety.

  [D] The food price.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. A.He is careless about his appearance.

  12. A.Jane maybe caught in a traffic jam.

  13. A.Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championship.

  14. D.He has been having a hard time.

  15. DThe woman thinks highly of the speaker

  16. C.The woman should seek help from tutoring services.

  17. C.Jill wore the overcoat last week.

  18. B.An imaginary situation.

  19. C. Pain and pleasure in sports

  20. D. He can’t decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

  21. A. New ideas come up as you write.

  22. D. Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

  23. B. He and his wife did everything by themselves.

  24. B. He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

  25. B. The restaurant atmosphere

  Section B

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26. [A] Its protection is often neglected by children.

  [B] It cannot be fully restored once damaged.

  [C] There are many false notions about it.

  [D] There are various ways to protect it.

  27. [A] It may make the wearer feel tired.

  [B] It will gradually weaken the eyes of adults.

  [C] It can lead to the loss of vision in children.

  [D] It can permanently change the eye structure.

  28. [A] It can never be done even with high technology.

  [B] It is the best way to restore damaged eyesight.

  [C] It is a major achievement in eye surgery.

  [D] It can only be partly accomplished now.

  Passage Two

  Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  29. [A] They think they should follow the current trend.

  [B] Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient.

  [C] Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.

  [D] They have jobs and other commitments.

  30. [A] They don’t want to use up all their life savings.

  [B] They fear they will regret it afterwards.

  [C] They would like to spend more time with them.

  [D] They don’t want to see their husbands poorly treated.

  31. [A] Provide professional standard care.

  [B] Be affectionate and cooperative.

  [C] Be frank and seek help from others.

  [D] Make full use of community facilities.

  Passage Three

  Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  32. [A] Health and safety conditions in the workplace.

  [B] Rights and responsibilities of company employees.

  [C] Common complaints made by office workers.

  [D] Conflicts between labor and management.

  33. [A] Replace its out-dated equipment.

  [B] Improve the welfare of affected workers.

  [C] Follow government regulations strictly.

  [D] Provide extra health compensation.

  34. [A] They requested to transfer to a safer department.

  [B] They quit work to protect their unborn babies.

  [C] They sought help from union representatives.

  [D] They wanted to work shorter hours.

  35. [A] To show how they love winter sports.

  [B] To attract the attention from the media.

  [C] To protest against the poor working conditions.

  [D] To protect themselves against the cold weather.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. C There are many false notions about it.

  27. C. It can lead to the loss of vision in children.

  28. D. It can only be partly accomplished now.

  29. D. They have jobs and other commitments.

  30. A. They don't want to use up all their life savings.

  31. C. Be frank and seek help from others.

  32. A. Health and safety conditions in workplace.

  33. A. Replace its out-dated equipments.

  34. A. They requested to transfer to a safer department.

  35. C. To protest against the poor working condition

  Section C

  Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题在答题卡2上;请在答题卡2上作答。

  Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts(宇航员) someday may (36) _____________ so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (37) _____________ future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would move (38) _____________.

  Although no form of matter yet (39) _____________ moves as fast as or faster than light, (40) _____________ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (41) _____________ causes a traveler’s time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (42) _____________ this in 1905, when he (43) _____________the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter (44) ___________ _

  An obsession (沉迷) with time—saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and mastering it — (45) ___________Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (46)_____________ Thus, time and time’s relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. survive

  37. distant

  38. backward

  39. discovered

  40. scientific

  41. motion

  42. predicted

  43. introduced

  44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past.

  45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed.

  46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock.

2010年12月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.

  11. [A] The man should visit the museums. [C] The beach resort is a good choice.

  [B] She can’t stand the hot weather. [D] She enjoys staying in Washington.

  12. [A] Her new responsibilities in the company.

  [B] What her job prospects are.

  [C] What the customers’ feedback is.

  [D] The director’s opinion of her work.

  13. [A] Combine her training with dieting.

  [B] Repeat the training every three days.

  [C] Avoid excessive physical training.

  [D] Include weightlifting in the program.

  14. [A] When she will return home.

  [B] Whether she can go by herself.

  [C] Whether she can travel by air.

  [D] When she will completely recover.

  15. [A] The woman knows how to deal with the police.

  [B] The woman had been fined many times before.

  [C] The woman had violated traffic regulations.

  [D] The woman is good at finding excuses.

  16. [A] Switch off the refrigerator for a while.

  [B] Have someone repair the refrigerator.

  [C] Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.

  [D] Buy a refrigerator of better quality.

  17. [A] He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.

  [B] He has got enough money to buy a house.

  [C] He can finally do what he has dreamed of.

  [D] He is moving into a bigger apartment.

  18. [A] She is black and blue all over.

  [B] She has to go to see a doctor.

  [C] She stayed away from work for a few days.

  [D] She got hurt in an accident yesterday.

  Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19. [A] She was a bank manager.

  [B] She was a victim of the robbery.

  [C] She was a defence lawyer.

  [D] She was a witness to the crime.

  20. [A] A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.

  [B] A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face.

  [C] A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweater.

  [D] A medium-sized young man carrying a gun.

  21. [A] Identify the suspect from pictures. [C] Have her photo taken for their files.

  [B] Go upstairs to sign some document. [D] Verify the record of what she had said.

  Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  22. [A] By reading a newspaper ad. [C] By listening to the morning news.

  [B] By seeing a commercial on TV. [D] By calling an employment service.

  23. [A] She could improve her foreign languages.

  [B] She could work close to her family.

  [C] She could travel overseas frequently.

  [D] She could use her previous experiences.

  24. [A] Taking management courses. [C] Working as a secretary.

  [B] Teaching English at a university. [D] Studying for a degree in French.

  25. [A] Prepare for an interview in a couple of days.

  [B] Read the advertisement again for more details.

  [C] Send in a written application as soon as possible.

  [D] Get to know the candidates on the short list.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. [D] She enjoys staying in Washington.

  12. [D] The director’s opinion of her work.

  13.[C] Avoid excessive physical training.

  14.[C] Whether she can travel by air.

  15.[C] The woman had violated traffic regulations.

  16. [B] Have someone repair the refrigerator.

  17. [C] He can finally do what he has dreamed of.

  18. [D] She got hurt in an accident yesterday.

  19. [D] She was a witness to the crime.

  20. [A] A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.

  21. [A] Identify the suspect from pictures.

  22. [A] By reading a newspaper ad.

  23. [B] She could work close to her family.

  24. [C] Working as a secretary.

  25. [C] Send in a written application as soon as possible.

  Section B

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26. [A] They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke.

  [B] They do not realize the danger they are in.

  [C] They cannot hear the firefighters for the noise.

  [D] They mistake the firefighters for monsters.

  27. [A] He travels all over America to help put out fires.

  [B] He often teaches children what to do during a fire.

  [C] He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community.

  [D] He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge.

  28. [A] He saved the life of his brother choking on food.

  [B] He rescued a student from a big fire.

  [C] He is very good at public speaking.

  [D] He gives informative talks to young children.

  29. [A] Firefighters play an important role in America.

  [B] Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters.

  [C] Carelessness can result in tragedies.

  [D] Informative speeches can save lives.

  Passage Two

  Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  30. [A] To satisfy the needs of their family.

  [B] To fully realize their potential.

  [C] To make money for early retirement.

  [D] To gain a sense of their personal worth.

  31. [A] They may have to continue to work in old age.

  [B] They may regret the time they wasted.

  [C] They may have nobody to depend on in the future.

  [D] They may have fewer job opportunities.

  32. [A] Making wise use of your time.

  [B] Enjoying yourself while you can.

  [C] Saving as much as you can.

  [D] Working hard and playing hard.

  Passage Three

  Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  33. [A] Hardworking students being accused of cheating.

  [B] Boy students being often treated as law-breakers.

  [C] Innocent people being suspected groundlessly.

  [D] Junior employees being made to work overtime.

  34. [A] Forbidding students to take food out of the restaurant.

  [B] Requesting customers to pay before taking the food.

  [C] Asking customers to leave their bags on the counters.

  [D] Allowing only two students to enter at a time.

  35. [A] He was taken to the manager. [C] He was asked to leave.

  [B] He was closely watched. [D] He was overcharged.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. [D] They mistake the firefighters for monsters.

  27. [B] He often teaches children what to do during a fire.

  28. [A] He saved the life of his brother choking on food.

  29. [D] Informative speeches can save lives.

  30.[C] To make money for early retirement.

  31. [A] They may have to continue to work in old age.

  32. [A] Making wise use of your time.

  33. [C] Innocent people being suspected groundlessly.

  34. [D] Allowing only two students to enter at a time.

  35. [B] He was closely watched.

  Section C

  Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.

  Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to (36) _____________ our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and (37) _____________their heritage (传统). With computers and Internet connections in so many (38) _____________, colleges, business, people e-mailing friends and relatives all the time—or talking to them in writing in online (39) _____________ rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more (40) _____________ than waiting until Sunday for the telephone (41) _____________ to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to (42) _____________ and discuss their classroom assignments and to (43) _____________ them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate (合作) on homework. (44) __________.

  Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. (45) __________________. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.” (46) ____________________, but only in the success of human relationships.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. preserve

  37. appreciate

  38. households

  39. chat

  40. convenient

  41. rates

  42. receive

  43. submit

  44. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.

  45. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.

  46. This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts

2010年6月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  11.A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.

  B) He has difficulty understanding the book.

  C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.

  D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.

  12.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.

  B) The man should buy a car of his own.

  C) The man needn't go shopping every week.

  D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.

  13.A) Get more food and drinks.

  B) Ask his friend to come over.

  C) Tidy up the place.

  D) Hold a party.

  14.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.

  B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.

  C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.

  D) The woman should contact John Smith first.

  15.A) He understands the woman's feelings.

  B) He has gone through a similar experience.

  C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.

  D) The teacher is just following the regulations.

  16.A) She will meet the man halfway.

  B) She will ask David to talk less.

  C) She is sorry the man will not come.

  D) She has to invite David to the party.

  17.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.

  B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.

  C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.

  D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.

  18.A) Check their computer files.

  B) Make some computations.

  C) Study a computer program.

  D) Assemble a computer.

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.

  B) It requires him to work long hours.

  C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.

  D) It helps him understand people better.

  20.A) It is intellectually challenging.

  B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.

  C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.

  D) It demands physical endurance and patience.

  21.A) In a hospital.

  B) At a coffee shop.

  C) At a laundry.

  D) In a hotel.

  22.A) Getting along well with colleagues.

  B) Paying attention to every detail.

  C) Planning everything in advance.

  D) Knowing the needs of customers.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23.A) The pocket money British children get.

  B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.

  C) The things British children spend money on.

  D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.

  24.A) It enables children to live better.

  B) It goes down during economic recession.

  C) It often rises higher than inflation.

  D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.

  25.A) Save up for their future education.

  B) Pay for small personal things.

  C) Buy their own shoes and socks.

  D) Make donations when necessary.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.

  12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.

  13. C) Tidy up the place.

  14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.

  15. A) He understands the woman’s feelings.

  16. D) She has to invite David to the party.

  17. C) Many students find Prof. Johnson’s lectures boring.

  18. D) Assemble a computer.

  19. B) It requires him to work long hours.

  20. D) It demands physical endurance and patience.

  21. D) In a hotel.

  22. B) Paying attention to every detail.

  23. A) The pocket money British children get.

  24. C) It often rises higher than inflation.

  25. B) Pay for small personal things.

  Section B

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  26.A) District managers.

  B) Regular customers.

  C) Sales directors.

  D) Senior clerks.

  27.A) The support provided by the regular clients.

  B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.

  C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.

  D) The important part played by district managers.

  28.A) Some of them were political-minded.

  B) Fifty percent of them were female.

  C) One third of them were senior managers.

  D) Most of them were rather conservative.

  29.A) He used too many quotations.

  B) He was not gender sensitive.

  C) He did not keep to the point.

  D) He spent too much time on details.

  Passage Two

  Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  30.A) State your problem to the head waiter.

  B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.

  C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.

  D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.

  31.A) You problem may not be understood correctly.

  B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.

  C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.

  D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.

  32.A) Demand a prompt response.

  B) Provide all the details.

  C) Send it by express mail.

  D) Stick to the point.

  Passage Three

  Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  33.A) Fashion designer

  B) Architect.

  C) City planner.

  D) Engineer.

  34.A) Do some volunteer work.

  B) Get a well-paid part-time job.

  C) Work flexible hours.

  D) Go back to her previous post.

  35.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.

  B) It will add to the family's financial burden.

  C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.

  D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. B) District managers

  27. D) The important part played by district managers

  28. B) Fifty percent of them were female

  29. B) He was not gender sensitive

  30. C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly

  31. D) You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting

  32. D) Stick to the point

  33. B) Architect

  34. A) Do some volunteer work.

  35. C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.

  Section C

  Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37) ______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38) ______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39) ______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41) ______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language. He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists – and (44) _______________________________. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) _________________ until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) _______________, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. curious

  37. figuring

  38. independent

  39. unusual

  40. interacting

  41. formal

  42. abstract

  43. mystery

  44. he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately

  45. by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it

  46. including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him

2009年12月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions:  In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  11.A) Get some small change.

  B) Find a shopping center.

  C) Cash a check at a bank.

  D) Find a parking meter.

  12.A) Shopping with his son.

  B) Buying a gift for a child.

  C) Promoting a new product.

  D) Bargaining with a salesgirl.

  13.A) Taking photographs.

  B) Enhancing images.

  C) Mending cameras.

  D) Painting pictures.

  14.A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young.

  B) He can provide little useful information.

  C) He will show the woman around Baltimore.

  D) He will ask someone else to help the woman.

  15.A) He is rather disappointed.

  B) He is highly ambitious.

  C) He can’t face up to the situation.

  D) He knows his own limitations.

  16.A) She must have paid a lot for the gym.

  B) She is known to have a terrific figure.

  C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results.

  D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.

  17.A) Female students are unfit for studying physics.

  B) He can serve as the woman’s tutor.

  C) Physics is an important course at school.

  D) The professor’s suggestion is constructive.

  18.A) Indifferent.

  B) Doubtful.

  C) Pleased.

  D) Surprised.

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19.A) He prefers the smaller evening classes.

  B) He has signed up for a day course.

  C) He has to work during the day.

  D) He finds the evening course cheaper.

  20.A) Learn a computer language.

  B) Learn data processing.

  C) Buy some computer software.

  D) Buy a few coursebooks.

  21.A) Thursday evening, from 7:00 to 9:45.

  B) From September 1 to New Year’s eve.

  C) Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks.

  D) Three hours a week, 45 hours in total.

  22.A) What to bring for registration.

  B) Where to attend the class.

  C) How he can get to Frost Hall.

  D)Whether he can use a check.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23.A) A training coach.

  B) A trading adviser.

  C) A professional manager.

  D) A financial trader.

  24.A) He can save on living expenses.

  B) He considers cooking creative.

  C) He can enjoy healthier food.

  D) He thinks take-away is tasteless.

  25.A) It is something inevitable.

  B) It is frustrating sometimes.

  C) It takes patience to manage.

  D) It can be a good thing.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11.A, get some small change

  12.B, buying a gift for a child

  13.A, taking photographs

  14.B, he can provide little used information

  15.D, he knows his own imitations

  16.C, her gym exercise has yielded good results.

  17.D, The professor’s suggestion is constructive

  18.A,Indifferent.

  19.C ,he has to work during the day

  20.B,learn data processing

  21.C, every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks

  22.A, what to bring for registration.

  23.D. A financial trader

  24.B, He considers cooking creative

  25. D, It can be a good thing

  Section B

  Directions:  In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 28 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  26. A) There were no planets without moons.

  B) There was no air or water on Jupiter.

  C) Life was not possible in outer space.

  D) The mystery of life could not be resolved.

  27. A) It has a number of active volcanoes.

  B) It has an atmosphere like the earth’s.

  C) It has a large ocean under its surface.

  D) It has deep caves several miles long.

  28. A) Light is not an essential element to it.

  B) Life can form in very hot temperatures.

  C) Every form of life undergoes evolution.

  D) Oxygen is not needed for some life forms.

  Passage Two

  Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  29. A) Whether they should take the child home.

  B) What Dr. Meyer’s instructions exactly were.

  C) Who should take care of the child at home.

  D) When the child would completely recover.

  30. A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.

  B) She makes them write down all her instructions.

  C) She has them act out what they are to do at home.

  D) She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.

  31. A) It lacks the stability of the printed word.

  B) It contains many grammatical errors.

  C) It is heavily dependent on the context.

  D) It facilitates interpersonal communication.

  Passage Three

  Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  32. A) Job security.

  B) Good labour relations.

  C) Challenging work.

  D) Attractive wages and benefits.

  33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.

  B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.

  C) Computers will change to nature of many jobs.

  D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.

  34. A) Offer them chances of promotion.

  B) Improve their working conditions.

  C) Encourage them to compete with each other.

  D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.

  35. A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.

  B) They concern a small number of people only.

  C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.

  D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. C Live is not possible in outer space.

  27. C It has a large ocean under its surface.

  28. A LIght is not an essential miles long

  29.B What Dr.Meyer's instructions exacty were.

  30.D She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.

  31.A it lacks the stability of the printed word.

  32.C Challenging work

  33.A Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.

  34.D Give them responsibilities as part of team.

  35.B They concern a small number of the people only.

  Section C

  Directions:  In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36) _______ into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process.

  Factual writing provides (37) _______ information on an author, composer, or artist or on a type of music, literature, or art. Example of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or (38) _______ cover and longer pieces, such as an article describing a stle of music which you might read in a music (39) _______ courses. This kind of writing provides a (40) _______ for your study of the humanities.

  As its name (41) _______, descriptive writing simply describes, or provides an (42)_______ of, a piece of music, art, or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43)_______ a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader’s mind by calling up specific details of the work. (44) _____

  Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. (45) __. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important. (46) _____.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36) classified into three types of informational writing:factual, descriptive, and process. Factual writing provides (37) background information on an author, composer or artist or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes in the book jacket or (38) album cover and longer pieces, such as an article describing a style of music which you might read ina music (39 )appreciation course. This kind of writing provides a (40) context for your study of humanities. As its name(41) implies, descriptive writing simply describes or provides an (42) image of, a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43)instruments a composer included in the musical composition. So as to make pictures of sounds in the readers’ mind by calling up the specific details of the work.. (44) Descriptive writing in the humanities. particularly in literature is often mixed with critical writing .Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. (45).It tells the reader how to do something, for example, explaining the technique used to shoot a film. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important. (46)Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in the given piece of informational writing.

2009年6月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations . At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause . During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  11. A) She expected more people at her party .

  B) She enjoys entertaining small children.

  C) She threw a surprise party for her friend

  D) She has always enjoyed great popularity.

  12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.

  B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.

  C) They are going to have a holiday.

  D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.

  13. A) He was pleased to get the medal .

  B) He was very courageous.

  C) He used to be a firefighter.

  D) He was accused of causing a fire.

  14. A) Make a profitable investment .

  B) Buy a new washing machine

  C) Get parts for the machine from Japan.

  D) Have the old washing machine fixed.

  15. A) He is pleased with his exciting new job.

  B) He finds the huge workload unbearable.

  C) He finds his office much too big for him .

  D) He is not so excited about his new position .

  16. A) The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow.

  B) The man has no idea what the right thing to do is .

  C) The woman doesn’t know how to get to the party.

  D) The man offers to drive the woman to the party.

  17. A) Drawing up a business plan .

  B) Discussing a term paper.

  C) Finalizing a contract.

  D) Reviewing a co-authored article.

  18. A) She ordered some paper.

  B) She had the printer repaired.

  C) She chatted online with a friend

  D) She filled in an application form

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19. A) His health is getting worse.

  B) He can no longer work at sea.

  C) His past life upsets him a good deal.

  D) He has not got the expected pension.

  20. A) She passed away years ago.

  B) She used to work as a model .

  C) She has been working at a clinic.

  D) She has been seriously ill for years.

  21. A) She has made lots of money as a doctor.

  B) She is going to take care of her old dad.

  C) She has never got on with her father.

  D) She is kind and generous by nature.

  22. A) He dines out with his wife every weekend.

  B) He is excellent but looks had-tempered.

  C) He does not care about his appearance.

  D) He is not quite popular with his patients.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23. A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistake

  B) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properly

  C) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.

  D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.

  24. A) Send a service engineer to do the repairs.

  B) Consult her boss about the best solution.

  C) Pass the man’s order to the right person.

  D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.

  25. A) Ideal.

  B) Temporary

  C) Partial

  D) Creative

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. She has always enjoyed great popularity

  12. They are going to have a holiday

  13. He was very courageous

  14. Buy a new washing machine

  15. He is not excited about his new position

  16. The man offers to drive the women to the party

  17. Finalizing a contract

  18. She ordered some paper

  19 He can no longer work at sea

  20 She passed away years ago

  21 She has never got on with her father

  22 He is excellent but looks bad-tempered

  23 Some of the packs do not contain manuals

  24 solve the problem at her company’s cost

  25 Ideal

  Section B

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage .You will hear some questions . Boss the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26. A) It is entertaining .

  B) It is a costly hobby .

  C) It takes lots of time .

  D) It requires training.

  27. A) They can harm nearby plants .

  B) They may catch some disease .

  C) They fight each other for food .

  D) They may pollute the environment.

  28. A) Place the food on warmer spots .

  B) Use prepared feed mixtures only .

  C) Avoid using any contaminated food.

  D) Continue the feeding till it gets warm.

  Passage Two

  Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  29. A) He will betray even his best friends .

  B) He is able to make up good excuses.

  C) He will lie whenever he wants .

  D) He tries to achieve his goal at any cost

  30. A) She made him apologize

  B) She readily forgave him

  C) She broke up with him.

  D) She refused to answer his calls.

  31. A) Buy her a new set of tires.

  B) Help clean her apartment.

  C) Lend her his batteries.

  D) Move furniture for her .

  Passage Three

  Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal .

  B) Their parents put too much pressure on them .

  C) It’s hard for them to get along with other kids.

  D) They have to live in the shadow of their parents.

  33. A) He always boasts about his rich father .

  B) He will grow up to be good for nothing .

  C) He has too much to know the value of things.

  D) He is too young to manage his inherited property .

  34. A) She wants Amanda to get professional care.

  B) She has no experience in raising children.

  C) She wants to show off her wealth .

  D) She has no time to do it herself .

  35 A) The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies

  B) The worship of money ,beauty and pleasure

  C).The attention the media focuses on them

  D).The pursuing of perfection in performance

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26 C it’s entertaining

  27 C they may catch some disease

  28 D continue the feeding till it get warm

  29 C he will lie whenever he wants

  30 A she made him apologize

  31 D move furniture for her

  32 A the atmosphere they live in is rather unreal

  33 D he has too much to know the value of things

  34 D she has no time to do it herself

  35 D the lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies

   Section C

  Directions : In this section , you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea . When the passage is read for the second time , you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard . For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words . Finally , when the passage is read for the third time , you should check what you have written .

  Around 120 years ago , Ebbinghaus began his study of memory . He(36)_______.on studying how quickly the human mind can remember (37)_______. One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis(假设), which simply means the amount you learn (38)_______on the time you spend trying to learn it . This can be taken as our first rule of learning .

  Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one , there is still the question of how we should use the four hours . For example , is it better to study for four hours (39)_______or to study for one hour a day for four days in a (40)_______? . The answer , as you may have (41)_______, is that it is better to spread out the study times . This (42)_______, through which we can learn more (43)_______.by dividing our practice time, is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus,(44________________

  .

  But we’re not finished yet . We haven’t considered how we should study over very short periods of time . (45)___________________.Should you look at the same word in rapid succession, or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again (46)______________.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36 concentrated

  37 information

  38 depends

  39 straight

  40 row

  41 suspected

  42 phenomenon (现象)

  43 efficiently

  44 our second rule of learning is this: it is better to study fairly briefly but often。

  45 Let’s say you are trying to learn some new and rather difficult English vocabulary using a stack of cards。

  46 The answer is it is better to space out the presentations of the word you are to learn。

2008年12月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Direction: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversation. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was ... Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  11. A) Only true friendship can last long.

  B) Letter writing is going out of style.

  C) She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.

  D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

  12. A) A painter.

  B) A mechanic.

  C) A porter.

  D) A carpenter.

  13. A) Look for a place near her office.

  B) Find a new job down the street.

  C) Make inquiries elsewhere.

  D) Rent the $600 apartment.

  14. A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.

  B) He has been extremely busy recently.

  C) He has gained some weight lately.

  D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.

  15. A) The woman possesses a natural talent for art.

  B) Women have a better artistic taste than men.

  C) He isn't good at abstract thinking.

  D) He doesn't like abstract paintings.

  16. A) She couldn't have left her notebook in the library.

  B) She may have put her notebook amid the journals.

  C) She should have made careful notes while doing reading.

  D) She shouldn't have read his notes without his knowing it.

  17. A) She wants to get some sleep.

  B) She needs time to write a paper.

  C) She has a literature class to attend.

  D) She is troubled by her sleep problem.

  18. A) He is confident he will get the job.

  B) His chance of getting the job is slim.

  C) It isn't easy to find a qualified sales manager.

  D) The interview didn't go as well as he expected.

  Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19. A) He can manage his time more flexibly.

  B) He can renew contact with his old friends.

  C) He can concentrate on his own projects.

  D) He can learn to do administrative work.

  20. A) Reading its ads in the newspapers.

  B) Calling its personnel department.

  C) Contacting its manager.

  D) Searching its website.

  21. A) To cut down its production expenses.

  B) To solve the problem of staff shortage.

  C) To improve its administrative efficiency.

  D) To utilize its retired employees' resources.

  Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  22. A) Buy a tractor.

  B) Fix a house.

  C) See a piece of property.

  D) Sign a business contract.

  23. A) It is only forty miles from where they live.

  B) It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

  C) It was bought at a price lower than expected.

  D) It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.

  24. A) Growing potatoes will involve less labor.

  B) Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.

  C) It may not be big enough for raising corn.

  D) Raising potatoes will be more profitable.

  25. A) Finances.

  B) Labor.

  C) Equipment.

  D) Profits.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. D. She has lost contact with most of her friends

  12. A.  A painter

  13. C.  Make inquiries elsewhere

  14. C.  He has gained some weight lately

  15. D  he doesn't like abstract paintings

  16. B  she may have put her notebook amid the journals

  17. A  she wants to get some sleep

  18. B  his chance of getting the job is slim

  19. A. he can manage his time more flexibly

  20. D. searching the website

  21 D. to utilize its retired employees' resources

  22. C. See a piece of property

  23. B  It is a small one with a two -bedroom house

  24. C.  it may not be big enough for raising corn

  25. A.  Finance

  Section B

  Directions: In this section, you'll hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passages, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26. A) To introduce the chief of the city's police force.

  B) To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest.

  C) To address the issue of community security.

  D) To explain the functions of the city council.

  27. A) He has distinguished himself in city management.

  B) He is head of the International Police Force.

  C) He completed his higher education abroad.

  D) He holds a master's degree in criminology.

  28. A) To coordinate work among police departments.

  B) To get police officers closer to the local people.

  C) To help the residents in times of emergency.

  D) To enable the police to take prompt action.

  29. A) Popular.

  B) Discouraging.

  C) Effective.

  D) Controversial.

  Passage Two

  Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  30. A) People differ greatly in their ability to communicate.

  B) There are numerous languages in existence.

  C) Most public languages are inherently vague.

  D) Big gaps exist between private and public languages.

  31. A) It is a sign of human intelligence.

  B) It improves with constant practice.

  C) It is something we are born with.

  D) It varies from person to person.

  32. A) How private languages are developed.

  B) How different languages are related.

  C) How people create their languages.

  D) How children learn to use language.

  Passage Three

  Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  33. A) She was a tailor

  B) She was an engineer.

  C) She was an educator.

  D) She was a public speaker.

  34. A) Basing them on science-fiction movies.

  B) Including interesting examples in them.

  C) Adjusting them to different audiences.

  D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science.

  35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.

  B) How spacesuits protect spacemen.

  C) How NASA trains its spacemen.

  D) What spacemen eat and drink.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. A. to introduce the chief of the city's police force

  27. D he holds a master's degree in criminology

  28. B. to get police officers closer to the local people

  29. C. effective

  30 .B. there are numerous languages in existence

  31. C it is something we are born with

  32. D how children learn to use language

  33. B she was an engineer

  34. C. adjusting them to different audience

  35. A whether spacemen carry weapons

  Section C

  Directions:In this section,vou will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are reqired to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Crime is increasing worldwide. There is every reason to believe the (36)_______will continue through the next few decades.

  Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37)__________has appeared on the world (38)_________---rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few (39)_________.Street crimes such as robbery, rape, (40)___________, and auto theft are clearly rising, (41)____________in eastem European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the United kingdom.

  What is dirving this crime (42)_________? These are no simple answers. Still, there are certain conditions (43) ____________with rising crime; increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of governments,(44)___________.

  These conditions are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) , such as Japan , Denmark, and Greece, (45)___________________.

  Multiculturalism can be a rewarding ,enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values.Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and(46)________________

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. trend

  37. phenomenon

  38 scene

  39 offences

  40 murder

  41 particularly

  42 explosion

  43 Associated

  44. changing national boarders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong

  45. are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been accompanied Americans for most of its history.

  46. failure to recognize and plan for diversity can lead to serious crime problems.

2008年6月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  11. A) Give his ankle a good rest.

  B) Treat his injury immediately.

  C) Continue his regular activities.

  D) Be careful when climbing steps.

  12. A) On a train.

  B) On a plane.

  C) In a theater.

  D) In a restaurant.

  13. A) A tragic accident.

  B) A fad occasion

  C) Smith's unusual life story.

  D) Smith's sleeping problem.

  14. A) Review the details of all her lessons.

  B) Compare notes with his classmates.

  C)Talk with her about his learning problems.

  D) Focus on the main points of her lectures.

  15. A) The man blamed the woman for being careless.

  B)The man misunderstood the woman's apology.

  C) The woman offered to pay for the man's coffee.

  D)The woman spilt coffee on the man's jacket.

  16. A) Extremely tedious.

  B) Hard to understand.

  C) Lacking a goot plot.

  D) Not worth seeing twice.

  17. A) Attending every lecture.

  B) Doing losts of homework.

  C) Reading very extensively.

  D) Using test-taking strategies.

  18. A)The digital TV system will offer different programs.

  B)He is eager to see what the new system is like.

  C)He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels.

  D)The new TV system may not provide anything better.

  Question 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  19.a)a notice by the electricity board.

  b)ads promoting electric appliances.

  c)the description of a thief in disguise.

  d)a new policy on pensioners'welfare.

  20.a)speaking with a proper accent.

  b)wearing an official uniform.

  c)making friends with them

  d)showing them his ID.

  21.a)to be on the alert when being followed.

  b)not to leave senior citizens alone at home.

  c)not to let anyone in without an appointment.

  d)to watch out for those from the electricity board.

  22.a)she was robbed near the parking lot.

  b)all her money in the bank disappeared.

  c)the pension she had just drawn was stolen.

  d)she was knocked down in the post office.

  Question 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  23.a)marketing consultancy.

  b)Professional accountancy.

  c)luxury hotel management.

  d)business conference organization

  24.a)having a good knowledge of its customs.

  b)knowing some key people in tourism.

  c)having been to the country before.

  d)being able to speak japanese.

  25.a)it will bring her potential into full play.

  b)it will involve lots of train travel.

  c)it will enable her to improve her chinese.

  d)it will give her more chances to visit japan.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11.A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15. D

  16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.D

  21.C 22.C 23.A 24.D 25.B

  Section B

  Passage One

  Question 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26.a) The lack of time

  b) The quality of life.

  c) The frustrations at work.

  d) The pressure on working families.

  27.a)They were just as busy as people of today.

  b)They saw the importance of collective efforts.

  c)They didn't complain as much as modern man.

  d)They lived a hard life by hunting and gathering.

  28.a)To look for creative ideas of awarding employees.

  b)To explore strategies for lowering production costs.

  c)To seek new approaches to dealing with complaints.

  d)To find effective ways to give employees flexibility.

  Passage Two

  Question 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  29.a)family violence.

  b)his children's efforts.

  c)her father's disloyalty.

  d)his second wife's positive influence.

  30.a)his advanced age.

  b)his children's efforts.

  c) his improved financial condition.

  d)his second wife's positive influence.

  31.a)love is blind.

  b)love breeds love.

  c)divorce often has disastrous consequences.

  d)happiness is hard to find in blended families.

  Passage Three

  Question 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  32.a) it was located in a park

  b) its owner died of a heart attack

  c) it went bankrupt all of sudden.

  d) its potted plants were for lease only.

  33.a)planting some trees in the greenhouse

  b)writing a want ad to a local newspaper

  c)putting up a going out of business sign

  d)helping a customer select some purchases

  34.a)opening an offive in the new office park

  b)keeping better relations with her company

  c)developing fresh business opportunities

  d)building a big greenhouse of his own

  35.a)owning the greenhouse one day

  b)securing a job at the office park

  c)cultivating more potted plants.

  d)finding customers out of town

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26.A 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.D

  31.B 32.B 33.C 34.C 35. A

  Section C

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  We're now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical(36)___, raw materials, and capital are no longer the key(37) ____ in the creation of wealth. Now, the(38) ____ raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow's wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And(39) ___ entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers(40)____ in mind work. They deal with symbols: words,(41) ___ and data.

  What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be(42) ____ , processing, as well as exchanging information. (43)____ , three out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike(44)____ .

  In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training (45)____ . You can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone are the nine-five jobs. lifetime security, predictable promotions, and even the conventional workplace, as you are familiar with. (46)____ , and don’t wait for someone to “empower” you. You have to empower yourself.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. labor 37.ingredients 38.vital 39. individuals 40.engage 41.figures 42. generating

  43. Currently

  44. will be making decisions in such areas as product development, quality control, and customer satisfaction.

  45. to acquire new skills that will help you keep up with improved technologies and procedures.

  46. Don't expect the companies will provide you with a clearly defined career path.

2007年12月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Direction: In his section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  11. A) She used to be in poor health. C) She was somewhat overweight

  B) She was popular among boys. D) She didn’t do well at high school.

  12. A) At he airport. C) In a booking office.

  B) In a restaurant. D) At the hotel reception.

  13. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.

  B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry.

  14. A) Have a short break. C) Continue her work outdoors.

  B) Take two weeks off. D) Go on vacation with the man.

  15. A) He is taking care of this twin brother. C) He is worried about Rod’s health.

  C) He ha been feeling ill all week. D) He has been in perfect condition.

  16. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.

  B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.

  C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.

  D) She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.

  17. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.

  B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.

  C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.

  D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.

  18. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes.

  B) Few people share the woman’s opinion.

  C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.

  D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have heard.

  19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags.

  B) She has probably left it in a taxi.

  C) She id going to get it the airport.

  D) She is afraid that she has lost it.

  20) A) It ends in winter.

  B) It will cost her a lot.

  C) It will last one week.

  D) It depends on the weather.

  21. A) The plane is taking off soon.

  B) There might be a traffic jam.

  C) The taxi is waiting for them.

  D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.

  22. A) At home.

  B) In the man’s car.

  C) At the airport.

  D) By the side of a taxi.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23. A) She is thirsty for promotion.

  B) She wants a much higher salary.

  C) She is tired of her present work.

  D) She wants to save travel expenses.

  24. A) Translator.

  B) Travel agent.

  C) Language instructor.

  D) Environment engineer.

  25. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind.

  B) Communication skills and team spirit.

  C) Devotion and work efficiency.

  D) Education and experience.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. C) She was somewhat overweight

  12. D) At a hotel reception

  13. B) Having confidence in her son

  14. A) Have a short break

  15. D) He has been in perfect condition

  16. B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house

  17. D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man

  18. C) The man doesnt look like a sportsman

  19. A)She has packed it in one of her bags.

  20. C) It will last one week.

  21. B) The taxi is waiting for them.

  22. A) At home.

  23. C) She is tired of her present work.

  24. A) Translator.

  25. D) Education and experience.

  Section B

  Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passage. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a questions. , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26.A)They care a lot about children.

  B)They need looking after in their old age.

  C)They want to enrich their life experience.

  D)They want children to keep them company.

  27. A. They are usually adopted from distant places.

  B.Their birth infromation is usually kept secret.

  C.Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.

  D.Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.

  28. A.They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.

  B.They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.

  C.They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.

  D.They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.

  29. A.Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.

  B.Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.

  C.Understanding is the key to successful adoption.

  D.Adoption has much to do with love.

  Passage Two

  Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  30. A.He suffered from mental illness.

  B.He bought The washing on post.

  C.He turned a failing newspaper into a success.

  D.He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.

  31. A.She was the first woman to lead a big U.S.publishing company.

  B.She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.

  C.She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.

  D.She took over her father’s position when he died.

  32. A.People came to see the role of women in the business world.

  B.Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’mind.

  C.American media would be quite different without Katharine.

  D.Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.

  Passage Three

  Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  33. A.It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.

  B.It’ll allow them to receive free medical theatment.

  C.It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.

  D.It’ll preent the doctors from overcharging them.

  34.A)They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.

  B)They have to go through very complicated application procedures.

  C)They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.

  D)They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.

  35.A)They don’t have to pay for the medical services.

  B)They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.

  C)They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.

  D)They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. A) They care a lot about children.

  27. B) Their birth information is usually kept secret.

  28. C) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.

  29. D) Adoption has much to do with love.

  30. B) He bought The Washington Post.

  31. A) She was the first woman to lead a big U.S publishing company.

  32. D) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.

  33. C) Itll protect them from possible financial crises.

  34. A) They cant immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.

  35. B) They neednt pay the entire medical bill at once.

  Section C

  Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  More and more of the word’s population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is(36)____ . Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in developed countries(37) _____two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.

  They(38)____ size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very(39)_____ signs of trouble in the(40) _____of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the nineteenth century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe the(41) _____of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the (42) _____working in factories. Now, however, the(43)_____ is almost always true in the newly industrialized world:(44)______ .

  Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth;(45)___________________

  . There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. (46)_______________________

  a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36. alarming.

  37. increased

  38. sheer

  39. disturbing

  40. comparison

  41. proportion

  42. workforce

  43. reverse

  44. The percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry.

  45. There is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals.

  46. So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment

2007年6月英语四级听力真题及答案

Section ASection BSection C

  Section A

  Directions:  In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer, then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line though the centre.

  注意:此部分答题在答题卡2上作答。

  11.  A) It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer.

  B) It was mainly meant for cancer patients.

  C) It might appeal more to viewers over 40.

  D) It was frequently interrupted by commercials.

  12.  A) The man is fond of traveling.

  B) The woman is a photographer.

  C) The woman took a lot of pictures at the contest.

  D) The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.

  13.  A) The man regrets being absent-minded.

  B) The woman saved the man some trouble.

  C) The man placed the reading list on a desk.

  D) The woman emptied the waste paper basket.

  14.  A) He quit teaching in June.

  B) He has left the army recently.

  C) He opened a restaurant near the school.

  D) He has taken over his brother’s business.

  15.  A) She seldom reads books from cover to cover.

  B) She is interested in reading novels.

  C) She read only part of the book.

  D) She was eager to know what the book was about.

  16.  A) She was absent all week owing to sickness.

  B) She was seriously injured in a car accident.

  C) She called to say that her husband had been hospitalized.

  D) She had to be away from school to attend to her husband.

  17.  A) The speakers want to rent the Smiths’ old house.

  B) The man lives two blocks away from the Smiths.

  C) The woman is not sure if she is on the right street.

  D) The Smiths’ new house is not far from their old one.

  18.  A) The man had a hard time finding a parking space.

  B) The woman found they had got to the wrong spot.

  C) The woman was offended by the man’s late arrival.

  D) The man couldn’t find his car in the parking lot.

  Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  19.  A) The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name.

  B) The hotel clerk insisted that he didn’t make any reservation.

  C) The hotel clerk tried to take advantage of his inexperience.

  D) The hotel clerk couldn’t find his reservation for that night.

  20.  A) A grand wedding was being held in the hotel.

  B) There was a conference going on in the city.

  C) The hotel was undergoing major repairs.

  D) It was a busy season for holiday-makers.

  21.  A) It was free of charge on weekends.

  B) It had a 15% discount on weekdays.

  C) It was offered to frequent guests only.

  D) It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels.

  22.  A) Demand compensation from the hotel.

  B) Ask for an additional discount.

  C) Complain to the hotel manager.

  D) Find a cheaper room in another hotel.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

  23.  A) An employee in the city council at Birmingham.

  B) Assistant Director of the Admissions Office.

  C) Head of the Overseas Students Office.

  D) Secretary of Birmingham Medical School.

  24.  A) Nearly fifty percent are foreigners.

  B) About fifteen percent are from Africa.

  C) A large majority are from Latin America.

  D) A small number are from the Far East.

  25.  A) She will have more contact with students.

  B) It will bring her capability into fuller play.

  C) She will be more involved I policy-making.

  D) It will be less demanding than her present job.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  11. C12. D13. B14. A15. C

  16. D17. D18. A19.C20. B

  21. A22. C23. B24. A25. C

   Section B

  Directions:  In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  26.  A) Her parents thrived in the urban environment.

  B) Her parents left Chicago to work on a farm.

  C) Her parents immigrated to America.

  D) Her parents set up an ice-cream store.

  27.  A) He taught English in Chicago.

  B) He was crippled in a car accident.

  C) He worked to become an executive.

  D) He was born with a limp.

  28.  A) She was fond of living an isolated life.

  B) She was fascinated by American culture.

  C) She was very generous in offering help.

  D) She was highly devoted to her family.

  Passage Two

  Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  29.  A) He suffered a nervous breakdown.

  B) He was wrongly diagnosed.

  C) He was seriously injured.

  D) He developed a strange disease.

  30.  A) He was able to talk again.

  B) He raced to the nursing home.

  C) He could tell red and blue apart.

  D) He could not recognize his wife.

  31.  A) Twenty-nine days.

  B) Two and a half months.

  C) Several minutes.

  D) Fourteen hours.

  32.  A) They welcomed the publicity in the media.

  B) The avoided appearing on television.

  C) They released a video of his progress.

  D) They declined to give details of his condition.

  Passage Three

  Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  33.  A) For people to share ideas and show farm products.

  B) For officials to educate the farming community.

  C) For farmers to exchange their daily necessities.

  D) For farmers to celebrate their harvests.

  34.  A) By bringing an animal rarely seen on nearby farms.

  B) By bringing a bag of grain in exchange for a ticket.

  C) By offering to do volunteer work at the fair.

  D) By performing a special skill at the entrance.

  35.  A) They contribute to the modernization of American farms.

  B) They help to increase the state governments’ revenue.

  C) They provide a stage for people to give performances.

  D) They remind Americans of the importance of agriculture.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A

  31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D

  Section C

  Directions:  In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  注意:此部分试题在答题卡2上;请在答题卡2上作答。

  Students’ pressure sometimes comes from their parents. Most parents are well (36) ________, but some of them aren’t very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in (37) ________ to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children’s difficulties.

  For one thing, parents are often not (38) ________ of the kinds of problems their children face. They don’t realize that the (39) ________ is keener, that the required (40) ________ of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change. (41) ________ to seeing A’s and B’s on high school report cards, they may be upset when their children’s first (42) ________ college grades are below that level. At their kindest, they may gently (43) ________ why John or Mary isn’t doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. (44) ________________________________.

  Sometimes parents regard their children as extensions of themselves and (45) _______. In their involvement and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way. They forget that their children, (46) _______.

查看参考答案
参考答案

  36.  meaning

  37.  adjusting

  38.  aware

  39.  competition

  40.  standards

  41.  accustomed

  42.  semester

  43.  inquire

  44.  at their worst ,they may threaten to take their children out of college or cut off funds

  45.  think it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives

  46.  who are now young adults must, be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are 15.10

英语四级阅读真题及答案

2012年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案 2012年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案 2011年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案
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2012年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But 47 a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖症).

  Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French fries and soda in its kids’ meals starting this month, although they will still be 50. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.“We’re asking the customers to 52 what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s.

  As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced 54 Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600 calories(卡路里), no soft drinks and at least two 55 from the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar 56, with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35%of its calories from sugar.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  A) adapt I) prefer

  B) available J) recommending

  C) begin K) species

  D) concern L) specify

  E) criteria M) stop

  F) items N) taking

  G) nationwide O) variety

  H) possible

查看参考答案
答案

  Section A

  47. N taking

  48. D concern

  49. M stop

  50. B available

  51. I prefer

  52. L specify

  53. O variety

  54. G nationwide

  55. F items

  56. E criteria

  Section B

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy, of course. And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now. But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think.

  That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover (人员更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations(解雇), and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does. Even in June of 2007, when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!

  And as it turns out, even today — with job growth near zero — over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month.

  I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job. It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from (and compete for). And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether it’s a new one or not.

  But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.

  So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four million people get hired every month in the U.S. You can be one of them.

  57. The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate ______.

  A) deprives many people of job opportunities

  B) prevents many people from changing careers

  C) should not stop people from looking for a job

  D) does not mean the U.S. economy is worsening

  58. Where do most job openings come from?

  A) Job growth. C) Improved economy.

  B) Job turnover. D)Business expansion.

  59. What does the author say about overall job growth?

  A) It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers.

  B) It increases people’s confidence in the economy.

  C) It gives a ray of hope to the unemployed.

  D) It doesn’t mean greater job security for the employed.

  60. What is the key to landing a job according to the author?

  A) Education. C) Persistence.

  B) Intelligence. D) Experience.

  61. What do we learn from the passage about the unemployment figures in the U.S.?

  A) They clearly indicate how healthy the economy is.

  B) They provide the public with the latest information.

  C) They warn of the structural problems in the economy.

  D) They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it?

  While such vigilant(警觉的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.

  In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.

  It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(预期寿命).

  A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.

  It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care.”

  That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  62. Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?

  A) It is believed to contribute to long life.

  B) It is part of their health care package.

  C) The elderly are more sensitive about their health.

  D) The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.

  63. How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?

  A) It adds too much to their medical bills.

  B) It helps increase their life expectancy.

  C) They are doubtful about its necessity.

  D) They think it does more harm than good.

  64. What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?

  A) It applies to women over 50. C) It is optional for young women.

  B) It is a must for adult women. D) It doesn’t apply to women over 74.

  65. Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?

  A) They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.

  B) They want to take advantage of the medical care system.

  C) They want data for medical research.

  D) They want their patients to suffer less.

  66. What does the author say is the general view about health care?

  A) The more, the better. C) Better early than late.

  B) Prevention is better than cure. D) Better care, longer life.

查看参考答案
答案

  57 C 58 B.

  59 A 60 C

  61 D62 D.

  63 C 64 B

  65 A 66 A.

2012年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a ward bank Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each them on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage,

  One in six. Believe it or not, that’s the number of Americans who struggle with hanger To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program, It’s asking 48 across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuel they need to 49 .

  It’s the kind of work that’s done every day at St. Andrew’s Episcopal Church in San Antonio, People who 50 at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren’t looking for God-they’re there for something to eat, St. Andrew’s runs a food pantry(食品堂)that 51 the city and several of the 52 towns. Janet Drane is its manager.

  In the wake of the 53 .the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is 54 that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal What’s most surprising is that 36% of them live in 55 where at least one adult is working.“It used to be that one job was all you needed.” says St. Andrew’s Drane.“The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they’re still right on the edge 56 .”

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  A)survive I)formally

  B) surrounding J)financially

  C)serves K)domestic

  D)reviewed L)competition

  E)reported M)communities

  F)recession N)circling

  G)households O)accumulate

  H)gather

查看参考答案
答案

  47. K. domestic

  48. C. communities

  49. O. survive

  50. H. gather

  51. M. serves

  52. N. surroundings

  53. J. recession

  54. E. reported

  55. I. households

  56. F. financially

  Section B

  Directions: there are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on

  Answer Sheer 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won’t necessarily represent. an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.

  We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932. when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929 But this doesn’t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone.

  Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households, Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.

  After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities, A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.”He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.

  The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.

  Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.

  Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthy again that we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  57.In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to __________.

  A)tear many troubled families apart

  B)contribute to enduring family ties

  C)bring about a drop in the divorce rate

  D)cause a lot of conflicts in the family

  58.In the Great Depression many unhappy couples close to stick together because

  A)starting a new family would be hard

  B)they expected things would turn better

  C)they wanted to better protect their kids

  D)living separately would be too costly

  59.In addition to job losses. What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?

  A)Mounting family debts

  B)A sense of insecurity

  C)Difficulty in getting a loan

  D)Falling housing prices

  60.What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples?

  A)It will force them to pull their efforts together

  B)It will undermine their mutual understanding

  C)It will help strengthen their emotional bonds

  D)It will irreparably damage their relationship

  61.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

  A)The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate

  B)Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships

  C)A stable family is the best protection against poverty.

  D)Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage:

  People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

  Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Face book because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.

  The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules Early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook you could create own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacy rules so that many things you city. Your photo, your friends’ names-were set, by default (默认)to be shared with every one on the Internet.

  According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information They have a “less satisfying experience”.

  Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting then At the side of the pages totally Who wants to took at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends?

  The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites.“I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.

  I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning. Which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t That’s too high a price to pay.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  62.What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?

  A)It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.

  B)It makes money by putting on advertisements.

  C)It profits by selling its users’ personal data.

  D)It provides loads of information to its users.

  63.What does the author say about most Facebook users?

  A)They are reluctant to give up their personal information.

  B)They don’t know their personal data enriches Facebook.

  C)They don’t identify themselves when using the website.

  D)They care very little about their personal information.

  64.Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

  A)To render better service to its users.

  B)To conform to the Federal guidelines.

  C)To improve its users’ connectivity.

  D)To expand its scope of business.

  65.Why does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?

  A)Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.

  B)Banning the sharing of users’ personal information.

  C)Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.

  D)Removing ads from all social-networking sites.

  66.Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?

  A)He is dissatisfied with its current service.

  B)He finds many of its users untrustworthy.

  C)He doesn’t want his personal data abused.

  D)He is upset by its frequent rule changes.

查看参考答案
答案

  57-61 CDDDA

  62-66 CBACC

2011年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  With the world’s population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure an jobs. Underlying all this 47________ will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.

  Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48________, sustainable way is the cornerstone of our nation’s energy security, and will be one of the major 49________ of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy --- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few --- are 50________ being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51________ in the world’s energy supply. But experts say that, even when 52________, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world’s energy needs by 2050.

  For example, even with 53________ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development 54________ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55________ only about 1% of the market today.

  Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56________ --- both traditional and alternative.

  A stable B solutions C significant D role E progress

  F marvelous G included H growth I exactly J consist

  K comprise L competitions M combined N challenges O certainly

查看参考答案
答案

  47. N) challenges

  48. A) stable

  49. E) progress

  50. O) certainly

  51. D) role

  52. M) combined

  53. C) significant

  54. G) included

  55. K) comprise

  56. B) solutions

  Section B

  Passage One

  Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art, dance and music, according to research released today.

  Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim, the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, the US study says.

  Boys at single sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".

  The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

  Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.

  The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.

  But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.

  Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision, learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes," James wrote.

  Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In mixed schools, boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means," the study reported.

  57. The author believes that a single-sex school would _____________________.

  A force boys to hide their emotions to be “real man”

  B help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys

  C encourage boys to express their emotions more freely

  D naturally reinforce in boys that traditional image of a man

  58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed schools boys ____________________.

  A perform relatively better B grow up more healthily

  C behave more responsibly D receive a better education

  59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?

  A It fails more boys than girls academically B It focuses more on mixed school education

  C It fails to give boys the attention they need

  D It places more pressure on boys than on girls

  60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______________.

  A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

  B boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted

  C boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in

  D teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit

  61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James’ report?

  A They enjoy being in charge B They conform to stereotypes

  C They have sharper vision D They are violent and sexist

  Passage Two

  It's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off, and we have no savings to save us. I say that you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year – we just won't go.

  Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession – financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved, and made men, more than women, extremely angry.

  Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. "People can say the same things about money but have different conceptions of what it is for," he explains. "They will say it's to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them" He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something.

  "The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what is going on with their finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo about talking about money than talking about death. But you both need to know what you are doing, who is paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."

  62. What does the author say about vacationing?

  A People enjoy it all the more during a recession

  B Few people can afford it without working hard

  C It makes all the hard work worthwhile

  D It is the chief cause of family disputes

  63. What does the author mean by saying “money is known… to bring a relationship to its knees” (Line1 Para. 2)?

  A Money is considered to be the root of all evils

  B Some people sacrifice their dignity for money

  C Few people can resist the temptation of money

  D Disputes over money may ruin a relationship

  64. The YouGov poll of 2000 people indicates that in a recession _________________.

  A conflicts between couples tend to rise

  B it is more expensive for couples to split up

  C couples show more concern for each other

  D divorce and separation rates increase

  65. What does Kim Stephenson believe?

  A Money is often a symbol of a person’s status

  B Money means a great deal to both men and women

  C Men and women spend money on different things

  D Men and women view money in different ways

  66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should ________________

  A put their money together instead of keeping it separately

  B make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets

  C discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship

  D avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic

查看参考答案
答案

  57. C) encourage boys to express their emotions more freely

  58. A) perform relatively better

  59. C) It fails to give boys the attention they need。

  60. A) teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

  61. C) They have sharper vision。

  62. C) It makes all the hard work worthwhile。

  63. D) Disputes over money may ruin a relationship。

  64. A) conflicts between couples tend to rise

  65. D) Men and women view money in different ways。

  66. C) discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship

2011年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.

  While elderly people 47 to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) 48 effect on their brain’s performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.

  Sean Drummond, a psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said that older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping 49 straight through the night.

  More sleep in old age, however, is 50 with better health, and most older people would feel better and more 51 if they slept for longer periods, he said.

  “The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to 52 well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.

  “It’s 53 a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were 54 . Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from 55 to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That’s 56 from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.”

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  [A] alert [I] formally

  [B] associated [J] function

  [C] attracting [K] mixed

  [D] cling [L] negative

  [E] continuing [M] sufficient

  [F] definitely [N] tend

  [G] different [O] younger

  [H] efficiently

查看参考答案
答案

  47. N) tend 48. L) negative 49. H) efficiently 50. B) associated 51. A) alert

  52. J) function 53. F) definitely 54. O) younger 55. E) continuing 56. G) different

 

  Section B

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  Several recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict.

  Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships.

  An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.

  In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye—the only black student on his freshman year floor—said that“if you’re surrounded by whites, you have something to prove.”

  Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.

  According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.

  An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.

  Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. “This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race,” she said.

  At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.

  “One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly,” said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. “This is the definition of integration.”

  “I’ve experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes and reinforced stereotypes,” said one Penn resident advisor(RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts“provided more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合),” there were also “jarring cultural confrontations.”

  The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.

  Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  57. What can we learn from some recent studies?

  [A] Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable.

  [B] Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.

  [C] Interracial lodging does more harm than good.

  [D] Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.

  58. What does Sam Boakye’s remark mean?

  [A] White students tend to look down upon their black peers.

  [B] Black students can compete with their white peers academically.

  [C] Black students feel somewhat embarrassed among white peers during the freshman year.

  [D] Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.

  59. What does the Indiana University study show?

  [A] Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.

  [B] Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer.

  [C] Roommates of different races just don’t get along.

  [D] Assigning students’ lodging randomly is not a good policy.

  60. What does Alec Webley consider to be the “definition of integration”?

  [A] Students of different races are required to share a room.

  [B] Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.

  [C] Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.

  [D] The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.

  61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?

  [A] It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.

  [B] Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging.

  [C] Students’ racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned.

  [D] Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.

  The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition(营养不良) and heat-related health problems.

  But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.

  Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.

  Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum’s report was“a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, “will harm the cause for action on both climate change an disasters because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的).”

  However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.

  In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?

  [A] Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.

  [B] Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.

  [C] Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.

  [D] Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.

  63. What do we learn about the Forum’s report from the passage?

  [A] It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. [C] It was warmly received by environmentalists.

  [B] It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. [D] It caused a big stir in developing countries.

  64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum’s report?

  [A] Its statistics look embarrassing. [C] It deserves our closest attention.

  [B] It is invalid in terms of methodology. [D] Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.

  65. What is Soren Andreasen’s view of the report?

  [A] Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.

  [B] It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.

  [C] It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.

  [D] Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.

  66. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?

  [A] How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.

  [B] How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.

  [C] How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.

  [D] How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards.

查看参考答案
答案

  57. D. Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.

  58. D. Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.

  59. A. Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.

  60. D. The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.

  61. A. It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.

  62. B. Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.

  63. A. It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. 64. B. It is invalid in terms of methodology.

  65. D. Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.

  66. D. How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards.

2010年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.

  Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.

  [A] abilities [I] extent

  [B] achieve [J] indicates

  [C] appeal [K] proceeds

  [D] complaints [L] psychological

  [E] contributions [M] raised

  [F] displayed [N] smart

  [G] essentially [O] standard

  [H] eventually

查看参考答案
答案

  47. M) raised 48. L) psychological 49. E) contributions 50. A) abilities

  51. B) achieve 52. N) smart 53. I) extent 54. J) indicates

  55. G) essentially 56. H) eventually

  Section B

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.

  Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.

  The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.

  Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”

  57. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.

  [A] university researchers know little about the commercial world

  [B] there is little exchange between industry and academia

  [C] few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

  [D] few university professors are willing to do industrial research

  58. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.

  [A] keeps someone from taking action [C] attracts people’s attention

  [B] helps to move the traffic [D] brings someone a financial burden

  59. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

  [A] Flexible work hours. [C] Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.

  [B] Her research interests. [D] Prospects of academic accomplishments.

  60. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.

  [A] do financially more rewarding work

  [B] raise his status in the academic world

  [C] enrich his experience in medical research

  [D] exploit better intellectual opportunities

  61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?

  [A] Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.

  [B] Develop its students’ potential in research.

  [C] Help it to obtain financial support from industry.

  [D] Gear its research towards practical applications.

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.

  Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.

  So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.

  A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”

  62. William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.

  [A] social life provides an effective cure for illness

  [B] being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life

  [C] women benefit more than men from marriage

  [D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity

  63. Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.

  [A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy

  [B] marriage can help make up for ill health

  [C] the married are happier than the unmarried

  [D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life

  64. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.

  [A] the disadvantages of being married

  [B] the emotional problems arising from marriage

  [C] the responsibility of taking care of one’s family

  [D] the consequence of a broken marriage

  65. What does the author say about social networks?

  [A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage.

  [B] They help develop people’s community spirit.

  [C] They provide timely support for those in need.

  [D] They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.

  66. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

  [A] It’s important that we develop a social network when young.

  [B] To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.

  [C] Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.

  [D] We should share our social networks with each other.

查看参考答案
答案

  57-61:CABDA

  62-66:DBAAB

2010年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.

  With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air.

  Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtful D) exceptions E) expand F) historic G) incredibly H) powering I) protect J) reduced K) replace L) sense M) shifted N) supplying O) vast

查看参考答案
答案

  47. G incredibly

  48. K replace

  49. J reduced

  50. L sense

  51. H powering

  52. D exceptions

  53. E expand

  54. O vast

  55. F historic

  56. I protect

  Section B

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book.They're known as the black box.

  When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.

  In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.

  Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  57. What does the author say about the black box?

  A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.

  B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.

  C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.

  D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.

  58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?

  A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.

  B) The total number of passengers on board.

  C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.

  D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.

  59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?

  A) New materials became available by that time.

  B) Too much space was needed for its installation.

  C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.

  D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.

  60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?

  A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.

  B) To caution people to handle them with care.

  C) To make them easily identifiable.

  D) To conform to international standards.

  61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?

  A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.

  B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.

  C) They have stopped sending homing signals.

  D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?

  Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.

  The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.

  In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."

  Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.

  The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

  62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?

  A) It is a highly profitable industry.

  B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

  C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

  D) It has yielded positive results.

  63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?

  A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.

  B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.

  C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.

  D) The power of positive thinking is limited.

  64. What does the author mean by "… you're just underlining his faults" (Line 4, Para. 3)?

  A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.

  B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.

  C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.

  D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.

  65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?

  A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.

  B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.

  C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.

  D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.

  66. What do we learn from the last paragraph?

  A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.

  B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.

  C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.

  D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.

查看参考答案
答案

  57. C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.

  58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.

  59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.

  60. C) To make them easily identifiable.

  61. A) There is still a good chance for their being recovered.

  62. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking

  63. A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good

  64. B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed

  65. C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem

  66. B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy

2009年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions:  In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.

  Researchers ___47___ 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-educated middle-class families with married parents both living in the home.

  When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parent, ___48___ all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.

  The scientists measured the ___49___ number of utterances (话语) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other ___50___ of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.

  Finally, the researchers ___51___ the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level of education, the ___52___ of child care and the number of different words the father used.

  The researchers are ___53___ why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an effect.

  “It’s well ___54___ that the mother’s language does have an impact,” said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had ___55___ had a strong influence on their children’s speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are ___56___ in a way we didn’t measure in the study.”

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  A)  already      I)quoted

  B)  analyzed  J)recording

  C)  aspects      K)recruited

  D)  characters  L)total

  E)  contributing  M)unconscious

  F)  describing  N)unsure

  G)  established  O)yet

  H)  quality

查看参考答案
答案

  47-51.

  K recruited

  J recording

  L total

  C aspects

  B analyzed

  52-56.

  H quality

  N unsure

  G established

  A already

  E contributing

  Section B

  Directions:  There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America. Rightly so. But selfishly. I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an Afircan-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world’s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.

  Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can’t escape the stereotype of being eye-roling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers.

  These images have helped define the way all black women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simply to be herself.

  It won’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.

  Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-Ameircan blogs have written about what they’d like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone—an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that’s been around for far too long.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  57.  Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?

  A) She serves as a role model for African-American women.

  B) She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a First Lady.

  C) She will present to the world a new image of African-American women.

  D) She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-American women.

  58.  What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?

  A) They are victims of family violence.

  B) They are of an inferior social group.

  C) They use quite a lot of body language.

  D) They live on charity and social welfare.

  59.  What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs.

  A) Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.

  B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.

  C) How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.

  D) What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.

  60.  What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?

  A) However many fans she has, she should remain modest.

  B) She shouldn’t disappoint the Afircan-American community.

  C) However hard she tries, she can’t expect to please everybody.

  D) She will give priority to African-American women’s concerns.

  61.  What do many African-American women hope Michelle Obama will do?

  A) Help change the prevailing view about black women.

  B) Help her husband in the task of changing America.

  C) Outshine previous First Ladies.

  D) Fully display her fine qualities.

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  When next year’s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they’ll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who’ll become Oxford’s vice-chancellor—a position equivalent to university president in America.

  Hamilton isn’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it’s gone global. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.

  The chief reason is that American schools don’t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consideration,” says Patricia Hays, the board’s chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university president: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.

  Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund-raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators, and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.

  In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen (监督) “a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position.”

  Of course, fund-raising isn’t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  62.  What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?

  A) Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S.

  B) A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators.

  C) American universities are enrolling more international students.

  D) University presidents are paying more attention to fund-raising.

  63.  What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators?

  A) Their political correctness.

  B) Their ability to raise funds.

  C) Their fame in academic circles.

  D) Their administrative experience.

  64.  What do we learn about European universities from the passage?

  A) The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably.

  B) Their operation is under strict government supervision.

  C) They are strengthening their position by globalization.

  D) Most of their revenues come from the government.

  65.  Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because ________.

  A) she was known to be good at raising money

  B) she could help strengthen its ties with Yale

  C) she knew how to attract students overseas

  D) she had boosted Yale’s academic status

  66.  In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?

  A) They can enchance the university’s image.

  B) They will bring with them more international faculty.

  C) They will view a lot of things from a new perspective.

  D) They can set up new academic disciplines.

查看参考答案
答案

  passage one

  57. A She serves as a role model for African-American women.

  58. B They are of an inferior social group

  59. D What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House

  60. C However hard she tries, she can’t expect to please everybody

  61. A Help change the prevailing view about black women

  passage two

  62. A Institution worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S.

  63. B Their ability to raise funds

  64. D Most of their revenues come from the government

  65. A she was known to be good at raising money

  66. C They will view a lot of things from a new perspective

2009年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions:  In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard . They never write , unless assignments___47___it . They fine the writing process___48___and difficult.

  How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it-___49___English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an___50___mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my___51___is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to___52___the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day .

  Writing ability is like strength training . Writing needs to be done___53___, just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and ___54___after only a few weeks of journal writing .

  Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student . When my students practice journal writing ,they are practicing for their future academic , political , and___55___lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel , a piece of sorely needed legislation , or the perfect love letter . Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step___56___to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .

  A)  closer    I) painful

  B)  daily   J) performance

  C)  emotional   K) profession

  D)  enhance  L) remarkably

  E)  enormous  M) require

  F)  especially  N) sensitive

  G)  hinder  O) urge

  H)  mission

查看参考答案
答案

  47. M require  48. I painful

  49.F especially  50. E enormous

  51.H mission   52. D enhance

  53. B daily  54.J performance

  55. K profession  56 A daily

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, chiose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity?

  Section B

  Directions:  There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  The January fashion show , called FutureFashion , exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge , the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time . Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.

  The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges . Scott Hahn , cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate , which uses all-organic cotton , says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and shat your customers are used to ,” he says . For example , organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress . But some popular synthetics , like stretch nylon , still have few eco-friendly equivalents.

  Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support . Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs(企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers , up from fewer than a dozen two years ago . This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional(过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur ,” says Hahn .

  Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists , up from 6% four years ago . Natalie Hormilla , a fashion writer , is an example of the unconverted consumer , When asked if she owned any sustainable clothes , she replied : “Not that I’m aware of .” Like most consumers , she finds little time to shop , and when she does, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensive .” By her own admission , green just isn’t yet on her mind . But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be .

  57. What is said about FutureFashion ?

  A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green .

  B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far .

  C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.

  D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.

  58. According to Scott Hahn , one big challenge to designers who will go organic is that______________.

  A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials .

  B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials .

  C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials .

  D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available .

  59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion______________.

  A) can attend various trade shows free .

  B) are readily recognized by the fashion world

  C) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .

  D) are gaining more and more support .

  60. What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward ecofashion?

  A)She doesn’t seem to care about it .  C) She is doubtful of its practical value.

  B)She doesn’t think it is sustainable  D)She is very much opposed to the idea

  61. What does the author think of green fashion?

  A) Green products will soon go mainstream .

  B) It has a very promising future .

  C) Consumers have the final say .

  D) It will appeal more to young people .

  Passage Two

  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage .

  Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand(缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .

  The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.

  “You’re what you eat and drink , and that’s recorded in you hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah .

  While U.S diet is relatively identical , water supplies vary . The differences result from weather patterns . The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move .

  Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result , storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah .

  Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair , scientists can construct a geographic timeline . Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.

  Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences . They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops .

  They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems .

  “It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),” Cerling said . “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities .”

  Todd Park ,a local detective , said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake .

  The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones ,a T-shirt and several strands of hair .

  When Park heard about the research , he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death , she moved about every two months .

  She stayed in the Northwest ,although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming .

  “It’s still a substantial area ,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me .”

  62. What is the scientists’ new discovery?

  A) One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink .

  B) A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived .

  C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.

  D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person .

  63.What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink”(Line 1, Para.3)?

  A) Food and drink affect one’s personality development.

  B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals .

  C) Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.

  D) Food and drink are indispensable to one’s existence.

  64. What is said about the rainfall in America’s West?

  A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.

  B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland .

  C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.

  D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward .

  65. What did Cerling’s team produce in their research ?

  A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water .

  B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.

  C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.

  D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system .

  66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research ?

  A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.

  B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed .

  C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.

  D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation .

查看参考答案
答案

  57 A it inspired many leading designers to start going green

  58 D quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available

  59 D are gaining more and more support

  60 A she doesn't seem to care about it

  61 B it has a very promising future

  62 B a person's hair may reveal where they have lived。

  63 C food and drink leave traces in one's body tissues

  64 B the water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland。

  65 D a chart illustrating teh movement of the rain system。

  66 C it helps the police narrow down possibililities in detective work。

2008年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Reading the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural 47______ for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn 48______ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to 49______ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the the mind and spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a 50______of human experiences and come to 51______ other ways of thought and living. And while 52______ their own relationships and responses to readers often find that the 53______ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.

  Books provide 54______ material for readers' imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books 55______ their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure 56______. The social and educational significance of the readers' books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.

  A. Abundant

  B. Characters

  C. Communicating

  D. Completely

  E. Derive

  F. Desire

  G. Diversity

  H. Escape

  I. Establishing

  J. Narrow

  K. Naturally

  L. Personnel

  M. Properly

  N. Respect

  O. Widen

查看参考答案
答案

  47. F) Desire

  48. K) naturally

  49. H) escape

  50. G) diversity

  51. N) respect

  52. I) establishing

  53. B) characters

  54. A) abundant

  55. O) widen

  56. C) communicating

  Section B

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage one

  Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  If you’re a male and you’re reading this , congratulations : you’re a survivor. According to statistics, you’re more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS . Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78years for men in Australia , you’ll die on average five years before a woman.

  There’re many reasons for this ---typically , men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke—but perhaps more importantly , men don’t go to the doctor.

  “men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should ,” says Dr.Gullotta . “this is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike .”

  Gullotta say a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two . For those over 45,it should be at least once a year .

  Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year .

  “when I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer ,” he says. “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him but it would have prolonged his life .”

  According to a recent survey ,95% of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year , compared to 70% of men in the same age group.

  “A lot of men think they’re invincible (不可战胜的),” Gullatta says . “they only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think ,’Geez,if it could happen to him ,……’ ”

  Then there’s the ostrich approach .”Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know ,” says Dr.Ross Cartmill.

  “most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies ,” Garmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.

  Regular check-us for men would inevitably lace strain on the public purse , Cartmill says . “but prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the disease . Besides , the ultimate cost is far greater :it’s called premature death .”

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

  57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage ?

  A)They are more likely to survive serious diseases today

  B)Their average life span has been considerably extended

  C)They have lived long enough to read this article

  D)They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life

  58.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women ?

  A)men drink and smoke much more than women

  B)men don’t seek medical care as often as women

  C)men aren’t as cautious as women in face of danger

  D)men are more likely to suffer from fatal disease

  59.Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez ,if it could happen to him, ...”(line 2, para.8)

  A)it could happen to me ,too

  B)I should avoid playing golf

  C)I should consider myself lucky

  D)it would be a big misfortune

  60. what does Dr.Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach “(Line 1 ,Para 9)

  A)A cause attitude towards one’s health conditions

  B)A new therapy for certain psychological problems

  C)Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved

  D)Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear

  61.What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men ?

  A)They may increase public expense

  B)They will save money in the long run

  C)They may cause psychological strain s on men

  D)They will enable men to live as long as women

  Passage two

  Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  High-quality customer service is preached by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.

  Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store ,but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers and anyone who will listen.

  Store managers are often the last to hear complaints,and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.

  “storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde Group. “The store losers the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement”

  On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.

  According to the research, shopper who purchased clothing encountered the most problem Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.

  The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered shelves over loaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.

  During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting (业余兼职的) local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly , and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.

  Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers , and having sales representatives on hand to answer question .

  Most importantly , salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers .

  “Retailers who’er responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly , “ said professor Stephen Hoch .” Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help .“

  Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer , instead of complaining to the rest of the world . Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they hace no idea what is wrong.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

  A)Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.

  B)Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

  C)Few customers believe the service will be improved

  D) customers have no easy access to store managers

  63.what does Paula Courtney imply by saying”... the shopper must also find a replacement”(Line 2,Pra.4)

  A)New customers are bound to replace old ones

  B)It is not likely the shopper can find the same products on oter stores.

  C)Most stores provide the same kind of service

  D) Not complaining to the manager cause the shopper some trouble too.

  64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shopper___.

  A)can stay longer browsing in the store

  B)won’t have trouble parking their cars

  C) won’t have any worries about security

  D) can find their cars easily after shopping

  65.What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

  A)Manners of the salespeople

  B)Hiring of efficient employees

  C)Huge supply of goods for sale

  D)Design of store layout

  66.To achieve better shopping experiences , customers are advised to___

  A)exert pressure on store to improve their service

  B)settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way

  C)voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

  D)shop around and make comparisons between stores

查看参考答案
答案

  57.C他们获得足够长以读到这篇文章

  58.B男人没有像女人那样经常去寻求医疗救治

  59.A这时也会发生在我身上

  60.D因为害怕而不愿意知道自己的病情

  61.B可以省钱

  62.A当他们有不愉快经历时,大多数顾客不会费力去投诉

  63.D不向经理投诉同样会带给顾客麻烦

  64.B不会在停车时遇到麻烦

  65.A销售员的礼貌

  66.C直接把他们的不满告诉商店经理

2008年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly -47- to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was -48- to a little college French.

  I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, -49- unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up-50- and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable-51-I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can’t learn if you don’t try. So I accepted the assignment.

  There were some bad-52-. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since. I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places. Without guides or even-53- bookings. Confident that somehow I will manage.

  The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition –54- . but each time you try something. You learn. And as the learning plies up. The world opens to you.

  I’ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine river in a –55-. And I know I’ll go to doing such things. It’s not because I’m braver or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can-56-wonders.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  A. complish I. manufacture

  B. advanced J. moments

  C. balloon K. news

  D. claim L. reduced

  E. constantly M. regret

  F. declare N. scary

  G. interviews O. totally

  H. limited

查看参考答案
答案

  47.D 48.H

  49.O 50.G

  51.K 52.J

  53.B 54.N

  55.C 56.A

  Section B

  Passage One

  Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but- regardless of whether it is or isn't - we won't do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.

  A1 Gore calls global warming an "inconvenient truth," as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and - without major technological breakthroughs - we can't do much about it.

  From 2003 to 2050,the world 's population is projected to grow from 6.4 billon to 9.1 billion ,a 42% increase. if energy use per person and technology remain te same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions(mainly,CO2)will be 42% higher in 2050.But that's too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need econmic growth unless we condemn the world's poor to their present

  Poverty and freeze everyone else's living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more then double by 2050.

  No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel)that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they're "doing something "Consider the Kyoto Protoco(京都议定书).It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn't. But it hasn't reduced CO2 emissions(up about 25% since 1990),and many signatories(签字国) didn't adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.

  The practical codusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.

  The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral proble when it's really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don't solve the engineering problem, we're helpless.

  57.What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?

  A) It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.

  B) It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.

  C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.

  D) Very little will be done to bring it under control.

  58.According to the author's understanding, what is A1 Gore's view on global warming?

  A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.

  B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.

  C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.

  D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.

  59.Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of ___.

  A) economic growth

  B) wasteful use of energy

  C) the widening gap between the rich and poor

  D) the rapid advances of science and technology

  60.The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol,____.

  A) politicians have started to do something to better the situation

  B) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy use

  C) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warming

  D) international cooperation has contributed to solving envoronmental problems

  61.What is the message the author intends to convey?

  A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.

  B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.

  C) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.

  D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.

  Passage Two

  Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  Someday a siranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Website you've visited,Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phonebills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.

  In fact, it's likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girl friend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen - the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked.

  Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.

  The key question is: Does that matter?

  For many Americans, the answer apparently is "no."

  When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me."

  But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist A lessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Socail Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷)。

  But privacy does matter - at least sometimes. It's like health: When you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.

  62. What does the author mean by saying "the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked" (Lines 3-4,Para.2)?

  A) People's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.

  B) In the 21st century people try every means to look into others' secrets.

  C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.

  D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.

  63.What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?

  A) Friends should open their hearts to each other.

  B) Friends should always be faithful to each other.

  C) There should be a distance even between friends.

  D) There should be fewer disputes between friends.

  64. Why does the author say "we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret" (Line5,para.3)

  A) Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.

  B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.

  C) There are always people who are curious about others' affairs.

  D) Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities.

  65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?

  A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.

  B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.

  C) They rely most and more on electronic devices.

  D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.

  66.According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ___.

  A) people will make every effort to keep it.

  B) its importance is rarely understood

  C) is is something that can easily be lost

  D) people don't cherish it until they lose it

查看参考答案
答案

  57.D 58.C

  59.A 60.B

  61.B 62.A

  63.C 64.B

  65.D 66.D

2007年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions: In this section.There is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  As war spreads to many comers of the globe, Children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 47 .The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 48 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for peacemakers was even nominated(提名) or the Nobel peace prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 is peacemakers studied human rights an poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known a The Schools of Peace.

  The classroom 50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 51 ,peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 54 on staring a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the 55 of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class an one that could spread to other classrooms an ideally affect the culture of the 56 school.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  A) acting I) information

  B) assuming J) offers

  C) comprehensive K) projects

  D) cooperative L) respectively

  E) entire M) role

  F) especially N) technology

  G) forward O) victims

  H) images

查看参考答案
答案

  47. K. projects

  48. M. role

  49. A. acting

  50. J. offers

  51. D. cooperative

  52. G. forward

  53. F. especially

  54. I. information

  55. O. victims

  56. E. entire.

  Section B

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section . Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on following passage.

  By almost any measure , there is a boom in Internet-based instruction . In just a few years , 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools , it’s closer to 90 percent . If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t . It enrolls 90,000 student , a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.

  While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructions post syllabi(课程大纲), reading assignments , and schedules on Websites , and students send in their assignments by e-mail . Generally speaking , face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.

  The attraction for students might at first seem obvious . Primarily , there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say , in your pajamas(睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course . While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent , the rate for online students is 35 percent . Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup . In a survey conducted for eCornell , the DL division of Cornell University , less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.

  Cleary form the schools perspective , there’s a lot of money to be saved . Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software , most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded(升级)systems . The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus , the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms , paying doorkeepers , and maintaining parking lots , And there’s evindence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons , won’t be paid any more , and might well be paid less.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  57. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?

  A) All its courses are offered online.

  B) Its online courses are of the best quality.

  C) It boasts the largest number of students on campus

  D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.

  58.According to the passage , distance learning is basically characterized by_____

  A) A considerable flexibility in its academic requirements

  B) The great diversity of students’ academic backgrounds

  C) A minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction

  D) t the casual relationship between students and professors

  59. Many students take Internet -based courses mainly because they can_____

  A) Earn their academic degrees with much less effort

  B) Save a great deal on traveling and boarding expenses

  C) Select courses from various colleges and universities

  D) Work on the required courses whenever and wherever

  60. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?

  A) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.

  B) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.

  C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.

  D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.

  61. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of_____

  A) building up their reputation C) upgrading their teaching facilities

  B) cutting down on their expenses D) providing convenience for students

  Passage Two

  Questions62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

  In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last yes.

  As a writer I know about winning contest, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.

  A revelation(启示)came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”

  I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously(自由地)told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first trade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her fist music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.

  Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I konw very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting(借用)my daughter’s experence.

  While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  62. What do we learn from the first paragraph?

  A) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activites.

  B) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.

  C) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.

  D) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.

  63. What did the author say about her own writing experience?

  A) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.

  B) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.

  C) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.

  D) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.

  64. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?

  A) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.

  B) She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.

  C) She wanted to share her stories with readers.

  D) She had won a prize in the previous contest.

  65. What’s the author’s advice for parents?

  A) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.

  B) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.

  C) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their opinions.

查看参考答案
答案

  57. A. All its courses are offered online.

  58. C. a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction.

  59. D. work on the required courses whenever and wherever.

  60. C. There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.

  61. B. cutting down on their expenses.

  62. A. Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.

  63. B. Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.

  64. C. She wanted to share her stories with readers.

  65. C. she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dream of becoming a writer.

  66. B. Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.

2007年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

Section ASection B

  Section A

  Directions:  In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

  Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

  Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients __47__ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.

  Times have changed. Today, we take pain __48__. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in __49__ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a person’s life, causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.

  That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __51__ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social __52__ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.

  This modern __54__ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a __55__ number of drugs available, and many of them caused __56__ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

  A)  result  I) determining

  B)  involves  J) limited

  C)  significant  K) gravely

  D)  range  L) complained

  E)  relieved  M) respect

  F)  issues  N) prompting

  G)  seriously  O) specialize

  H)  magnificent

查看参考答案
答案

  47. L  48. G

  49. I  50. D

  51. O  52. F

  53. B  54. M

  55. J       56. C

  Section B

  Directions:  There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

  I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.

  Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.

  The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.

  Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.

  Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through you available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  57.  When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” (Line 4, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means ________.

  A) no one can be both creative and critical

  B) they cannot be regarded as equally important

  C) they are in constant conflict with each other

  D) one cannot use them at the same time

  58.  What prevents people from writing on is ________.

  A) putting their ideas in raw form

  B) attempting to edit as they write

  C) ignoring grammatical soundness

  D) trying to capture fleeting thoughts

  59.  What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?

  A) To organize one’s thoughts logically.

  B) To choose an appropriate topic.

  C) To get one’s ideas down.

  D) To collect raw materials.

  60.  One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that ________.

  A) it overstresses the role of the creative mind

  B) it takes too much time to edit afterwards

  C) it may bring about too much criticism

  D) it does not help them to think clearly

  61.  In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?

  A) It refines his writing into better shape.

  B) It helps him to come up with new ideas.

  C) It saves the writing time available to him.

  D) It allows him to sit on the side and observe.

  Passage Two

  I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.

  At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.

  Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.

  Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.

  62.  Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

  A) She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.

  B) She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.

  C) She is not good at telling stories of the kind.

  D) She finds space research more important.

  63.  From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failures to ________.

  A) the very fact that she is a woman

  B) her involvement in gender politics

  C) her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

  D) the burden she bears in a male-dominated society

  64.  What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?

  A) Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.

  B) Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.

  C) People’s stereotyped attitude toward female scientists.

  D) Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.

  65.  Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

  A) Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.

  B) Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.

  C) Her female students can do just as well as male students.

  D) More female students are pursuing science than before.

  66.  What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

  A) Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.

  B) Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.

  C) Women can balance a career in science and having a family.

  D) Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.

查看参考答案
答案

  57. D  58. B

  59. C  60. B

  61. A  62. B

  63. A  64. C

  65. D     66. C

英语四级完形填空及翻译真题与答案

2012年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2012年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2011年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译
2011年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2010年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2010年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译
2009年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2009年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2008年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译
2008年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2007年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译 2007年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

2012年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

  Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed 67 the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our 68 to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A 69 reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is 70 to change people’s minds and moods, 71 their decision making in measurable ways.

  In a study 72 online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly 73 or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students 74 on the back of the shoulder for about one second 75 providing verba l(口头的) instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were 76 more likely to choose the risky alternative 77 were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring(宽慰的)touch of a woman may have induced early associations, 78 the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of 79 mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.

  To further 80 that a woman’s touch links feelings of security 81 risk taking, the researchers asked a 82 group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the 83 half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a 84 of insecurity made students in the latter group 85 receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug 86 Mom before stepping on the bus.

  67. A) by B) up C) above D) across

  68. A) concern B) attachment C) treatment D) appeal

  69. A) bare B) unique C) mere D) just

  70. A) enough B) ready C) easy D) quick

  71. A) generating B) regulating C) affecting D) refining

  72. A) exhibited B) published C) appeared D) advertised

  73. A) return B) expense C) cost D) prize

  74. A) seemingly B) strongly C) partly D) lightly

  75. A) if B) so C) while D) whereas

  76. A) rather B) far C) further D) pretty

  77. A) than B) as C) which D) that

  78. A) intending B) inferring C) inspiring D) instructing

  79. A) supportive B) lively C) strict D) respectful

  80. A) enable B) ensure C) consent D) confirm

  81. A) beyond B) with C) for D) along

  82. A) relative B) competitive C) different D) successive

  83. A) next B) other C) minor D) opposite

  84. A) hint B) clue C) chain D) sense

  85. A) especially B) specially C) securely D) entirely

  86. A) toward B) into C) of D) from

查看参考答案
答案

  67、by

  68、attachment

  69、mere

  70、easy

  71、affecting

  72、published

  73、 return

  74、lightly

  75、while

  76、pretty

  77、than

  78、inspiring

  79、supportive

  80、confirm

  81、with

  82、different

  83、opposite

  84、sense

  85、especially

  86、from

  PartVI Translation (5minutes)

  注意:此部分题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出疑问部分。

  87. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life___________

  (我感到如此激动)!

  88. Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise, she____________________

  (可能会说一些后来会懊悔的话).

  89. With the noise going on outside the classroom, I had great difficulty________

  (集中注意力复习功课).

  90.This is the first time I_______________________(听到他们用法语交流).

  91. All the information you need to apply for your visa is___________________

  (可以免费获取).

查看参考答案
答案

  1.我感动如此激动had I felt so excited

  2. 可能会说一些后来会后悔的话could had said something she would regret later.

  3. 集中注意力复习功课 in focusing reviewing lessons

  4. 听到他们用法语交流hear they communicating in French

  5.可以免费获取 accessing it free

2012年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Because conflict and disagreements are part of all close relationships, couples need to learn strategies for managing conflict in a healthy and constructive way. Some couples just 67 and deny the presence of any conflict in a relationship. 68 ,denying the existence of conflict results in couples 69 to solve their problems at early 70 ,which can then lead to even greater problems later 71 .Not surprisingly, expressing anger and disagreement leads to lower marital (婚姻的)satisfaction at the beginning. However, this pattern of behavior 72 increases in marital satisfaction over time. Research suggests that working 73 conflicts is an important predictor of marital satisfaction.

  So, what can you do to manage conflict in your own relationships? First, try to understand the other person’s point of view 74 put yourself in his of her place. People who are 75 to what their partner thinks and feels 76 greater relationship satisfaction. For example, researchers found that among people in dating relationships 77 marriages, those who can adopt their partner’s perspective show more positive 78 .more relationship-enhancing attributes and more constructive responses 79 conflict.

  Second, because conflict and disagreements are an 80 part of close relationships. People need to be able to apologize to their partner for wrongdoing and 81 forgiveness from their parents for their own acts. Apologies minimize conflict, lead to forgiveness, and serve to restore relationship closeness. In line 82 this view, spouses who are more forgiving show higher mental 83 over time. Increasingly, apologizing can even have 84 health benefits. For example, when people reflect on hurtful 85 and grudges(怨恨),they show negative physiological(生理的) effects, including 86 heart rate and blood pressure, compared to when they reflect on sympathetic perspective-taking and forgiving.

  67. A)resolve B)regret C)abandon D)avoid

  68. A)Besides B)Therefore C)Moreover D)However

  69. A)trying B)declining C)failing D)striving

  70. A)ages B)years  C)stages  D)intervals

  71. A)on  B)by  C)off D)away

  72. A)prescribes B)protests C)proves D)predicts

  73. A)round B)amid C)among D)through

  74. A)so B)while  C)but  D)and

  75. A)sensitive B)superior C)exclusive D)efficient

  76. A)expose B)experience C)explore D)exploit

  77. A)as long as B)as far as C)as well as D)as soon as

  78. A)minds B)emotions C)psychology D)affection

  79. A)to B)against C)at D)toward

  80. A)absolute B)inevitable C)essential D)obvious

  81. A)require B)inquire C)receive D)achieve

  82. A)over B)with C)up D)of

  83. A)quality B)identity C)charity D)capability

  84. A)creative B)positive C)objective D)competitive

  85. A)prospects B)concepts C)memories D)outlooks

  86. A)added  B)toughened C)strengthened  D)increased

查看参考答案
答案

  67-71 CBDCA

  72-76 AABBD

  77-81 BCDAD

  82-86 ADBAB

  Part Vl Translation (5 minutes)

  Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

  Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87.Those flowers looked as if they_____________________(好长时间没有浇水了).

  88.Fred bought a car last week. It is______________________(比我的车便宜一千英镑).

  89.This TV program is quite boning We might______________(不妨听听音乐)

  90.He left his office in a hurry, with______________________(灯亮着,门开着)

  91.The famous novel is said to __________________________(已经被译成多种语言).

查看参考答案
答案

  87.hadn’t been watered for a long time

  88.one thousand pound cheaper than mine.

  89.as well listen to the music

  90. lights on and doors open

  91. have been translated into multiple languages

2011年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze

  Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67_______.

  Nearly half of organizations told researchers they were already struggling to find 68_______ with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM), 69_______ even more companies expect to experience 70_______ of employees with STEM skills in the next three years.

  The Confederation of British Industry 71_______ 694 businesses and organizations across the public and 72_______ sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.

  Half are 73_______ they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to 74_______ enough employees with the right A-level skills.

  "75_______ we move further into recovery and businesses plan 76_______ growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will 77_______," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI. “Firms say it is already hard to find people with the right 78_______ or engineering skills. The new government must make it a top 79_______ to encourage more young people to study science-related 80_______."

  The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81_______ they studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers 82_______ least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a 83_______ degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a STEM-related subject.

  The research 84_______ worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85_______. Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy(计算) skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86_______ two-thirds reported concerns.

  67. A submits B reveals C launches D generates

  68. A audience B officials C partners D staff

  69. A while B because C for D although

  70. A exits B shortages C absences D departures

  71. A surveyed B searched C exposed D exploited

  72. A collective B private C personal D civil

  73. A confronted B conformed C concerned D confused

  74. A bind B attain C transfer D recruit

  75. A Lest B Unless C Before D As

  76. A with B for C on D by

  77. A dominate B stretch C enforce D intensify

  78. A creative B technical C narrative D physical

  79. A priority B option C challenge D judgment

  80. A procedures B academies C thoughts D subjects

  81. A until B since C whereas D if

  82. A rate B discuss C order D observe

  83. A typical B positive C particular D general

  84. A highlighted B prescribed C focused D touched

  85. A masses B workforce C faculty D communities

  86. A what B whom C where D why

查看参考答案
答案

  67. B) reveals

  68. D) staff

  69. A) while

  70. B) shortages

  71. A) surveyed

  72. B) private

  73. C) concerned

  74. D) recruit

  75. D) As

  76. B) for

  77. D) intensify

  78. B) technical

  79. A) priority

  80. D) subjects

  81. D) if

  82. A) rate

  83. B) particular

  84. A) highlighted

  85. B) workforce

  86. C) where

  Part VI Translation

  87. Charity groups organized various activities to _________________(为地震幸存者筹款).

  88. Linda _____________________(不可能收到我的电子邮件); otherwise, she would have replied.

  89. It’s my mother ______________________(一直在鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my studies.

  90. The publishing house has to _______________________(考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度).

  91. It is absolutely wrong to ____________________________(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福).

查看参考答案
答案

  87. raise money for the survivors in the earthquake

  88. couldn’t have received my e-mail

  89. who keeps on encouraging me to keep my chin up

  who keeps encouraging me not to lose heart

  who keeps on cheering me up

  90. take the popularity of the novel into consideration/account

  91. define happiness solely by money

2011年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  When it comes to eating smart for your heart, stop thinking about short-term fixes and simplify your life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come.

  Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite of food you lift 67 your mouth.“In the past we used to believe that 68 amounts of individual nutrients(营养物) were the 69 to good health,”says Linda Van Horn, chair of the American Heart Association’s Nutrition Committee. “But now we have a 70 understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to 71 not only heart disease but disease 72 general,” she adds.

  Scientists now 73 on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten 74 several days or a week

  75 than on the number of milligrams (毫克) of this or that 76 at each meal.

  Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds 77 for good health. “The more we learn, the more 78 we are by the wealth of essential substances they 79 ,”Van Horn continues,“and how they 80 with each other to keep us healthy.”

  You’ll automatically be 81 the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make 82 three quarters of the food on your dinner plate. 83 in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs.

  The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to 84 clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a 85 , each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big 86 on you health in the years to come.

  67. [A] between[B] through [C] inside[D] to

  68. [A] serious[B] splendid [C] specific [D] separate

  69. [A] key [B] point[C] lead [D] center

  70. [A] strict[B] different [C] typical [D] natural

  71. [A] rescue[B] prevent [C] forbid[D] offend

  72. [A] in [B] upon[C] for [D] by

  73. [A] turn[B] put [C] focus [D] carry

  74. [A] over[B] along [C] with [D] beyond

  75. [A] other[B] better [C] rather[D] sooner

  76. [A] conveyed [B] consumed[C] entered [D] exhausted

  77. [A] vital[B] initial [C] valid[D] radical

  78. [A] disturbed[B] depressed [C] amazed [D] amused

  79. [A] retain[B] contain [C] attain [D] maintain

  80. [A] interfere[B] interact [C] reckon [D] rest

  81. [A] at [B] of[C] on [D] within

  82. [A] out [B] into[C] off [D] up

  83. [A] Engage[B] Fill [C] Insert [D] Pack

  84. [A] delete [B] hinder[C] avoid [D] spoil

  85. [A] notion[B] hesitation [C] reason [D] doubt

  86. [A] outcome[B] function [C] impact [D] commitment

查看参考答案
答案

  Part V Cloze

  67. to 68. specific 69. key

  70. different 71. prevent

  72. in 73. focus

  74. over 75. rather

  76. consumed77. vital

  78. amazed 79. contain

  80. interact 81. on

  82. up 83. fill

  84. avoid 85. doubt 86. impact;

  Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

  Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

  注意:此部分试题在答题卡2上; 请在答题卡2上作答。

  87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, ________________(也没有解释为什么).

  88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she _____________(能被分配做另一项工作).

  89. John rescued the drowning child ______________________________________(冒着自己生命危险).

  90. George called his boss from the airport but it _______________________________(接电话的却是他的助手).

  91. Although he was interested in philosophy, ________________________(他的父亲说服他) majoring in law.

查看参考答案
答案

  Part VI Translation

  87. ① nor did they make any explanation;② nor did they give the reason for doing so;③ and didn’t explain the reasons either

  88. ① could be assigned to another job;② could be assigned to do another job

  89. at the risk of his own life

  90. ① was his assistant who answered / picked up the phone;② turned out that his assistant answered / picked up the phone;③ turned out to be his assistant

  91. his father persuaded him into / talked him into

2010年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)

  Over half the world’s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements” says a significant change took place last year. The report 67 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.

  A century ago, 68 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 69 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 70 six and a half billion people.

  Already three-fourths of people in 71 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 72 is in the developing world.

  Urbanization can 73 to social and economic progress, but also put 74 on cities to provide housing and 75 . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 76 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 77 by social divisions and differences in 78 , could result in violence and crime 79 cities plan better.

  Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 80 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 81 a much faster rate than urban population growth.

  Sprawl is 82 in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 83 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 84 toward “de-urbanization” across the nation.

  85 urban economies still provide many 86 that rural areas do not.

  67. [A] came on [B] came off [C] came ove r[D] came out

  68. [A] more[B] other [C] less [D] rather

  69. [A] By [B] Through[C] Along [D] To

  70. [A] really [B] barely[C] ever [D] almost

  71. [A] flourishing[B] developed [C] thriving [D] fertile

  72. [A] extension [B] addition [C] raise [D] growth

  73. [A] keep [B] turn [C] lead[D] refer

  74. [A] pressure [B] load[C] restraint [D] weight

  75. [A] surroundings[B] communities [C] concerns [D] services

  76. [A] onto[B] into [C] around [D] upon

  77. [A] pulled [B] driven [C] drawn [D] pressed

  78. [A] situation[B] wealth [C] treasure [D] category

  79. [A] when [B] if [C] unless [D] whereas

  80. [A] expand[B] split [C] invade [D] enlarge

  81. [A] in [B] beyond[C] with [D] at

  82. [A] common [B] conventional [C] ordinary[D] frequent

  83. [A] essential[B] prior [C] primitive [D] major

  84. [A] trend [B] style[C] direction [D] path

  85. [A] Then [B] But[C] For [D] While

  86. [A] abilities [B] qualities[C] possibilities [D] realities

查看参考答案
答案

  67. D came out 68. C less 69. D by 70. A almost 71. B developed

  72. C growth 73. B lead 74. A pressure 75. B services 76. B into

  77. C driven 78. C wealth 79. C unless 80. D expand 81. C at

  82. C common 83. A major 84. D trend 85. C but 86. B possibilities

  Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

  87. ____________________________________(为了确保他参加会议), I called him up in advance.

  88. The magnificent museum ______________________________(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago.

  89. There would be no life on earth ______________________________(没有地球独特的环境).

  90. ______________________(给游客印象最深的) was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.

  91. They requested that ______________________(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday.

查看参考答案
答案

  Part VI Translation

  87. To ensure that he attends the meeting

  88. is said to have been built

  89. without the unique environment of the earth

  90. What impressed the tourists most

  91. I return the book to the library

2010年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not __67__ from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, "mail order" catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier __68__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model __69__ in other business transactions; the difference __70__ in the details.

  To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __71__ online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, __72__ an item, arranges a form of payment, and __73__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be __74__ on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent __75__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce __76__ one to send payment information electronically.

  In the decade __77__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __78__ novelty (新奇事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few __79__ had a web page, and __80__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years __81__, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __82__ users with the opportunity to place an order. __83__, many banks added online access, __84__ online banking and bill paying became __85__. More importantly, the value of goods and services __86__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.

  67.A) distract B) descend C) differ D) derive

  68.A) with B) via C) from D) off

  69.A) appeared B) used C) resorted D) served

  70.A) situates B) lies C) roots D) locates

  71.A) on B) of C) for D) to

  72.A) reflects B) detects C) protects D) selects

  73.A) sends in B) puts out C) stands for D) carries away

  74.A) visible B) responsible C) feasible D) sensible

  75.A) beside B) over C) beyond D) up

  76.A) appeals B) admits C) advocates D) allows

  77.A) after B) behind C) until D) toward

  78.A) optional B) invalid C) occasional D) insignificant

  79.A) communities B) corps C) corporations D) compounds

  80.A) largely B) slightly C) solely D) only

  81.A) lately B) later C) late D) latter

  82.A) offered B) convinced C) equipped D) provided

  83.A) Instead B) Nevertheless C) However D) Besides

  84.A) and B) or C) but D) though

  85.A) different B) flexible C) widespread D) productive

  86.A) acquired B) adapted C) practiced D) proceeded

查看参考答案
答案

  67. C) differ68. B) via

  69. B) used70. B) lies

  71. B) of72. D) selects

  73. A) sends in74. A) visible

  75. C) beyond76. D) allows

  77. B) behind78. D) insignificant

  79. C) corporations80. D) only

  81. B) later82. D) provided

  83. D) besides84. A) and

  85. C) widespread86. A) acquired

  Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

  Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write you translation on Answer Sheet 2.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty __________________ (集中注意力在实验上).

  88. The manager never laughed; neither __________________ (她也从来没有发过脾气).

  89. We look forward to __________________ (被邀请出席开幕式).

  90. It is suggested that the air conditioner __________________ (要安装在窗户旁).

  91. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite __________________ (她父母的强烈反对).

查看参考答案
答案

  87. (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment.

  88. did she become angry/did she lose her temper before.

  89. being invited to attend the opening ceremony.

  90. (should) be fixed/installed by the window

  91. the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents’ strong opposition

2009年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V  Cloze  (15 minutes)

  Directions:  There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population plublished recently.

  The current approach which __67__ on younger people and on skills for employment is not __68__ to meet the challenges of demograghic (人口结构的) change, it says. Only 1% of the education budget is __69__spent on the oldest third of the population.

  The __70__ include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in __71__, that there are now more people over 59 than under 16 and that 11.3 million people are __72__ state pension age.

  “__73__ needs to continue throughout life. Our historic concentration of policy attention and resources __74__ young people cannot meet the new __75__.” says the report’s author, Professor Stephten McNair.

  The major __76__ of our education budget is spent on people below the age of 25. __77__ people are changing their jobs, __78__, partners and lifestyles more often than __79__, they need opportunities to learn at every age. __80__, some people are starting new careers in their 50s and later.

  People need opportunities to make a “midlife review” to __81__ to the later stages fo employed life, and to plan for the transition (过渡) __82__ retirement, which may now happen __83__ at any point from 50 to over 90, says McNair.

  And there should be more money __84__ to support people in establishing a __85__ of identity and finding constructive __86__ for the “third age”, the 20 or more years they will spend in healthy retired life.

  67.  A) operates B) focuses C) counts D) depends

  68.  A) superior B) regular C) essentialD) adequate

  69.  A) currently B) barely C) anxiouslyD) heavily

  70.  A) regulations B) obstacles C) challengesD) guidelines

  71.  A) enjoyment B) retirement C) stabilityD) inability

  72.  A) over B) after  C) acrossD) beside

  73.  A) Identifying B) Learning  C) InstructingD) Practicing

  74.  A) at   B) by  C) inD) on

  75.  A) desires B) realms C) needsD) intentions

  76.  A) measure B) ratio C) areaD) portion

  77.  A) When B) Until  C) WhetherD) Before

  78.  A) neighbors B) moods C) homesD) minds

  79.  A) ago B) ever  C) previouslyD) formerly

  80.  A) For example B) By contrast C) In particularD) On average

  81.  A) transform B) yield C) adjustD) suit

  82.  A) within B) from C) beyongD) to

  83.  A) unfairly B) unpredictably C) instantlyD) indirectly

  84.  A) reliable B) considerable C) availableD) feasible

  85.  A) sense  B) conscience C) projectD) definition

  86.  A) ranks B) assets C) idealsD) roles

查看参考答案
答案

  67.B focuses

  68.D adequate

  69.A currently

  70.C challenges

  71.B retirement

  72.A over

  73.B learning

  74.D on

  75.C needs

  76.D portion

  77.A when

  78.C homes

  79.B ever

  80.A for example

  81.C adjust

  82.D to

  83.B unpredictably

  84.C available

  85.A sense

  86.D roles

  Part VI  Translation  (5 minutes)

  Directions:  Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write you translation on Answer Sheet 2.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87.  You would not have failed if you______________(按照我的指令去做).

  88.  Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never______________(放弃对知识的追求).

  89.  Scientists agree that it will be a long time______________(我们找到治愈癌症的方法).

  90.  Production has to be increased considerably to______________(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).

  91.  The more exercise you take,______________(你越不大可能得感冒).

查看参考答案
答案

  87. You would not have failed if___(按照我的指令去做)

  You had followed my orders.

  88. Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never ___(放弃对知识的追求)

  abandoned the pursuit of knowledge.

  89. Scientists agree that it will be a long time before____(我们找到治愈癌症的方法)

  We find the cure for cancer.

  90. Production has to be increased considerably to ___ . (与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步)

  Keep up with the constantly growing needs of consumers.

  91. The more exercise you take, ____ .(你越不大可能感冒)

  The less likely you are to catch a cold.

2009年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions:  There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan’s car-makers. He’s a young , successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable__67__. He used to own Toyota’s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle . But now he uses_68_subways and grains . “It’s not inconvenient at all ,” he says__69__ “having a car is so 20th century.”

  Suda reflects a worrisome__70__in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal,__71__among the young ,who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices.__72__mini-cars and luxury foreign brands brands are still popular ,everything in between is__73__.Last years sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent__74__you don’t count the mini-car market . There have been__75__one-year drops in other nations :sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007__76__a tax increase . But experts say Japan is__77__in that sales have been decreasing steadily __78__time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007.

  Alarmed by this state of __79__, the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA)__80__a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a __81__wealth gap, demographic(人口结构的) changes and __82__ lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their__83__longer , replace their cars with smaller ones__84__give up car ownership altogether .JAMA

  __85__a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer , further consolidation (合并) in the automotive sector is__86__.

  67. A) profit   B) payment    C) income    D) budget

  68. A) mostly  B) partially    C) occasionally  D) rarely

  69. A) Therefore  B) Besides   C) Otherwise    D) Consequently

  70. A) drift    B) tide   C) current     D) trend

  71. A) remarkably B) essentially  C) specially   D)particularly

  72. A) While   B) Because   C) When    D) Since

  73. A) surging  B) stretching   C) slipping   D) shaking

  74. A) unless   B) if    C) as     D) after

  75. A) lower  B) slighter    C) broader    D) larger

  76. A) liable to B) in terms of   C) thanks to  D) in view of

  77. A) unique  B) similar    C) mysterious    D) strange

  78. A) over   B) against    C) on    D) behind

  79. A) mess   B) boom     C) growth      D) decay

  80. A) proceeded  B)relieved   C) launched    D) revised

  81. A) quickening B) widening  C) strengthening     D) lengthening

  82. A) average  B) massive  C) abundant     D) general

  83. A) labels   B) cycles  C) vehicles      D) devices

  84. A) or     B) until    C) but    D) then

  85. A) concludes B) predicts   C) reckons    D) prescribes

  86. A) distant   B) likely  C) temporary     D) immediate

查看参考答案
答案

  67. D. budget   68. A. mostly

  69. B. besides   70. D. trend

  71.D. particularly 72. A. while

  73. D. shaking   74. B. if

  75. D. larger   76.D. in view of

  77. A. unique   78. A. over

  79. D. decay   80. A. proceeded

  81.B. widening  82. B. massive

  83. C. vehicles   84. A. or

  85. B. predict  86.B. likely

  Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

  Directions:  Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

  87. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had______________(很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.

  88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary______________(就不会被大雨淋湿了).

  89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are______________(更有可能增加体重).

  90.______________(很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.

  91.The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is______________(与缺乏锻炼密切相关)

查看参考答案
答案

  87. difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates

  88. wouldn’t have been caught by the rain

  89. more likely to put on weight

  90. What many people don’t realize

  91. closely relative to the lack of exercise

2008年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passages. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

  Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers take them for granted. This is especially true__67__children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and_68_sports programs and make sure that there is easy__69__to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are__70__likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often__71__the resources needed to pay for participation__72__equipment,and transportation to practices and games__73__their communities do not have resources to build and__74__sports fields and facilities .

  Organized youth sports__75__appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations . They were originally developed__76__some educator and developmental experts__77__that the behavior and character of children were__78__influenced by their social surroundings and everyday experiences.This__79__many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in__80__ways,you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.

  This belief that the social__81__inluenced a person’s overall development was very__82__to people interested in progress and reform in the United States__83__the beginning of the 20th century.It caused them to think about__84__they might control the experiences of children to__85__responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a__86__capitalist economy depended on the productivity of works.

  67. A)  among  B)  withinC)  on   D) towards

  68. A)  spread  B) speedC)  spur   D)sponsor

  69. A)  access   B) entrance  C) chance    D)route

  70. A)  little    B)  less C) more    D)much

  71. A)  shrink  B)  tighten  C) limit     D)lack

  72. A)  bill    B) accounts C)  fees    D)fare

  73. A)  so   B) as C)  and    D)but

  74. A)  maintain   B) contain C) sustain   D)entertain

  75. A)  last    B) first C) later    D)finally

  76. A)  before   B) while C) until    D)when

  77. A)  realized   B) recalled C) expected  D)exhibited

  78. A)  specifically   B) excessively C)  strongly  D)exactly

  79. A)  moved   B) conducted C) put     D)led

  80. A)  precise    B) precious  C) particular  D)peculiar

  81. A)  engagement  B) environment C) state   D)status

  82. A)  encouraging  B) disappointing C) upsetting  D)surprising

  83. A)  for    B)  with C) over    D)at

  84. A)  what   B)  how C) whatever  D)however

  85. A)  multiply   B)  manufacture C) produce   D)provide

  86. A)  growing  B) breeding C) raising   D)flying

查看参考答案
答案

  67. A) among

  68. D) sponsor

  69. A) access

  70. B) less

  71. D) lack

  72. C) fees

  73. C) and

  74. A) maintain

  75. B) first

  76. D) when

  77. A) realized

  78. C) strongly

  79. D) led

  80. C) particular

  81. B) environment

  82. A) encouraging

  83. D) at

  84. B) how

  85. C) produce

  86. A) growing

  Part VI Translatiion (5 minutes)

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems______________(他们至今还没有答案)

  88._________(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.

  89.You’d better take a sweater with you ________(以防天气变冷)。

  90.Through the project, many people have received training and________(决定自己创业)。

  91.The anti-virus agent was not known ____________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)。

查看参考答案
答案

  87. to which they still have no answers today.

  88. what most parents are concerned about.

  89. in case of temperature drop.

  90. decided to start their own business.

  91. until a doctor found it by chance.

2008年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed -67- extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions -68- from university to university, according to the views of the people in -69- and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do no -70- the staff or equipment to carry out the -71- research projects possible in larger institutions. -72- most experts agree that some research activity is -73- to keep the staff and their students in -74- with the lastest developments in their subjects.

  Most students attend a university mainly to -75- the knowledge needed for their chosen -76-. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the -77- one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women -78- judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they -79- students to meet others with differing -80- and to read widely to -81- their understanding in many fields of study. -82- a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own -83-. He should be prepared to -84- sacrifices to study his chosen -85- in depth. He should have an ambition to make some -86- contribution to man's knowledge.

  67.A) at B) by C) to D) in

  68.A) turns B) ranges C) moves D) varies

  69.A) prospect B) place C) control D) favor

  70.A) occupy B) possess C) involve D) spare

  71.A) maximum B) medium C) virtual D) vast

  72.A) But B) As C) While D) For

  73.A) natural B) essential C) functional D) optional

  74.A) coordination B) accordance C) touch D) grasp

  75.A) acquire B) accept C) endure D) ensure

  76.A) procession B) profession C) possession D) preference

  77.A) typical B) true C) mere D) only

  78.A) with B) under C) on D) through

  79.A) prompt B) provoke C) encourage D) anticipate

  80.A) histories B) expressions C) interests D) curiosities

  81.A) broaden B) lengthen C) enforce D) specify

  82.A) Amid B) Over C) After D) Upon

  83.A) object B) effect C) course D) sake

  84.A) take B) suffer C) make D) pay

  85.A) field B) target C) scope D) goal

  86.A) radical B) meaningful C) truthful D) initial

查看参考答案
答案

  Part V Cloze

  67.A 68.D

  69.B 70.B

  71.D 72.C

  73.B 74.C

  75.A 76.B

  77.D 78.A

  79.C 80.C

  81.A 82.B

  83.D 84.B

  85.A 86.C

  Part VI Translation ( 5 minutes )

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _________ .(能应用于新技术的开发)

  88. I can’t boot my computer now. Something __________(一定出了毛病)with its operating system.

  89. Leaving one’s job, _____________ (无论是什么工作), is a difficult change,

  even for those who look forward to retiring.

  90. _________(与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.

  91. _________(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.

查看参考答案
答案

  87.能应用于新技术的开发can be applied to the research and development of new technology

  88.一定出了毛病There must be something wrong/there must be some errors/problems

  89.不管是什么工作no matter what kind it is / whatever it is

  90.与我成长的地方相比Compared with the place where I grew up

  91.直到他完成使命Not until he had accomplished the task

2007年12月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined 67 a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied 68 any particular circumstance. Moods should be 69 from emotions which are usually more intense, 70 to specific circumstances, and often conscious 71 one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in 72 the same way as can our reactions to the 73 of our friends—when our friends are happy and “up”, that tends to influence us positively, 74 when they are “down”, that can have a 75 impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a 76 mood state tend to react to stimulate(刺激因素)in a direction 77 with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see 78 in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a 79 manner than they would when not in such a state, 80 mood states appear capable of 81 a consumer’s meomory. Moods appear to be 81 influenced by mar- keting techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 81 of music has been shown to influence Behavior such as the 81 of time spent in Supermarkets or 81 to purchase products. In Addition, advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in 81 , are capable of influencing consumers’ reactions to products.

  67.A)as B)aboutC)byD)with

  68.A)overB)under C)toD)up

  69.A)derived B)descendedC)divided  D)distinguished

  70.A)related B)referred C)attached D)associated

  71.A)On B)OfC)In  D)By

  72.A)thusB)muchC)even D)still

  73.A)signal B)gestureC)view D)behavior

  74.A)forB)but C)unless D)provided

  75.A)relativeB)decisive C)negative  D)sensitive

  76.A)givenB)granted C)fixed  D)driven

  77.A)resistant B)persistentC)insistent  D)consistent

  78.A)consumerB)businessmen C)retailers  D)manufacturers

  79.A)casual B)critical C)seriousD)favorable

  80.A)HoweverB)Otherwise C)Moreover  D)Nevertheless

  81. A) liftingB) enhancingC) raising  D) cultivating

  82. A) readilyB) rarely C) cautiously  D) currently

  83. A) stepB) speed C) band D) volume

  85. A) facilities B) capacitiesC) reflections  D) intensions

  86. A) turn B) total C) detailD) depth

查看参考答案
答案

  67. A as

  68. C to

  69. D distinguished

  70. A related

  71. C In

  72. B much

  73. D behavior

  74. B but

  75. C negative

  76. A given

  77. D consistent

  78. A consumers

  79. D favorable

  80. C Moreover

  81. B enhancing

  82. A readily

  83. D volume

  84. B amount

  85. D intentions

  86. A turn

  Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

  Directions: Cmplete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87. ________________(多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors can treat this disease successfully.

  88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _________________ (我比以前更容易累了).

  89. I am going to pursue this course, ____________________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).

  90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because __________(它更加方便和省时).

  91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ____________________(是用他们能够借到多少衡量的),not how much they can earn.

查看参考答案
答案

  87.Thanks for/Due to series of new inventions

  88. I feel/get tired more easily than before

  89. no matter what sacrifice I am going to make/ whatever sacrifice I will make/ no matter how much I would sacrifice

  90. it/ the former is more convenient and timesaving

  91. is measured by how much they can borrow

2007年6月英语四级完形填空及翻译

完形填空翻译

  Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

  Directions:  There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

  An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. it took some 75,000 lives, __67__ 130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes. __68__ overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed __69__ the region, tended by international aid organizations, military __70__ and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set __71__.

  Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the __72__ of spring the refugees will be moved again. Camps that __73__ health care, food and shelter for 150,000 survivors have begun to close as they were __74__ intended to be permanent.

  For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings __75__ emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of __76__ many as 10 people have had to shelter __77__ a single tent and share cookstoves and bathing __78__ with neighbors. “They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,” officials say. “They are __79__ of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start __80__ again.” But most will be returning to __81__ but heaps of ruins. In many villages, electrical __82__ have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers __83__ that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took __84__. And for the thousands of survivors, the __85__ will never be complete.

  Yet the survivors have to start somewhere. New homes can be built __86__ the stones, bricks and beams of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to start again.

  67.  A) injuredB) ruinedC) destroyedD) damaged

  68.  A) AltogetherB) AlmostC) ScarcelyD) Surely

  69.  A) among B) aboveC) amidD) across

  70.  A) ranks B) equipmentC) personnelD) installations

  71.  A) out B) in C) on D) forth

  72.  A) fallingB) emergenceC) arrivalD) appearing

  73.  A) strengthenedB) aidedC) transferredD) provided

  74.  A) neverB) onceC) everD) yet

  75.  A) puzzled B) contrastedC) doubled D) mixed

  76.  A) likeB) asC) soD) too

  77.  A) by B) below C) underD) with

  78.  A) facilitiesB) instruments C) implementsD) appliances

  79.  A) seekingB) dreaming C) longing D) searching

  80.  A) producing B) cultivatingC) farming D) nourishing

  81.  A) anything B) something C) everything D) nothing

  82.  A) linesB) channels C) paths D) currents

  83.  A) aside B) awayC) upD) evaluate

  84.  A) asideB) awayC) upD) out

  85.  A) reservationB) retreat C) replacement D) recovery

  86.  A) fromB) throughC) uponD) onto

查看参考答案
答案

  67.  A  68.  B

  69. D  70. C

  71. B  72. C

  73. D  74 A

  75. D        76. B

  77. C  78. A

  79. B  80. C

  81. D  82. A

  83. C  84. B

  85. D        86. A

  Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

  Directions:  Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write you translation on Answer Sheet 2.

  注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分。

  87.  The finding of this study failed to ________________________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).

  88.  The prevent and treatment of AIDS is ________________________ (我们可以合作的领域).

  89.  Because of the leg injury, the athlete  ________________________ (决定退出比赛).

  90.  To make donations or for more information, please  ________________________ (按以下地址和我们联系).

  91.  Please come here at ten tomorrow morning  ________________________ (如果你方便的话).

查看参考答案
答案

  87.  take people’s sleep quality into account

  88.  the field (where) we can cooperate / the field in which we can cooperate

  89.  decided to quit the match

  90.  contact us at the following address

  91.  if it is convenient for you / at your convenience

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