Y

    养老基金 pension fund

    一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation

    一级谐?primary market

    应收未收利息 overdue interest

    银行网点 banking outlets

    赢利能力 profitability

    营业税 business tax

    硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans

    用地审批 to grant land use right

    有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate

    证券投资 portfolio investment

    游资（热钱） hot money

    有市场的产品 marketable products

    有效供给 effective supply

    诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion

    逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans

    与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted

    与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market

    预算外支出（收入） off-budget (extra-budgetary) expenditure (revenue)

    预调 pre-emptive adjustment

    月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis

    Z

    再贷款 central bank lending

    在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions

    在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank

    在途资金 fund in float

    增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture

    增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum

    增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures

    增长平稳 steady growth

    增值税 value-added tax (VAT)

    涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth

    账外账 concealed accounts

    折旧 depreciation

    整顿 retrenchment;consolidation

    政策工具 policy instrument

    政策性业务 policy-related operations

    政策性银行 policy banks

    政策组合 policy mix

    政府干预 government intervention

    证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions

    证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase

    支付困难 payment difficulty

    支付能力 payment capacity

    直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments

    间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions

    职业道德 professional ethics

    指令性措施 mandatory measures

    指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan

    制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy

    滞后影响 lagged effect

    中介机构 intermediaries

    中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities

    分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project

    周期谷底 bottom (trough) of business cycle

    周转速度 velocity

    主办银行 main bank

    主权风险 sovereign risk

    注册资本 registered capital

    逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation

    逐步取消 to phase out

    抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small (to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition)

    专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked

    转贷 on-lending

    转轨经济 transition economy

    转机 turnaround

    转折关头 turning point

    准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit

    准货币 quasi-money

    资本不足 under-capitalized

    资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio

    资本利润率 return on capital

    资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility

    资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency

    资产负债表 balance sheet

    资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets

    资产集中 asset concentration

    资产贡献率 asset contribution factor

    资产利润率 return on assets (ROA)

    资产质量 asset quality

    资产组合 asset portfolio

    资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost

    资金到位 fully funded (project)

    资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds

    资金利用率 fund utilization rate

    资金缺口 financing gap

    资金体外循环 financial disintermediation

    资金占压 funds tied up

    自筹投资项目 self-financed projects

    自有资金 equity fund

    综合国力 overall national strength (often measured by GDP)

    综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator

    综合治理 comprehensive adjustment (retrenchment); over-haul

    总成交额 total contract value

    总交易量 total amount of transactions

    总成本 total cost

    最后贷款人 lender of last resort