2014年2月22日中国大陆托福考试全真试题英文还原

　　阅读部分

　　第一篇

　　An abrupt decline of an ancient civilization has brought the attention of archaeologists and historians. The thought that once convinced the historians, in which it was believed that the presence of an ancient tribe caused the decline of this civilization, had, several decades later, been denied by an archaeologist, by whom the fact that the civilization had already declined before the tribe settled in this area was discovered. After a period of controversy, some historians deduced that it was the climate change that caused the corruption of the civilization.

　　It was concerned that the geological movement caused the climate change. A new dam was formed in the river V because of the geological movement, which caused the abrupt rise of the river and a devastating flood carrying numerous muds.

　　The situation of geology made the environment worse. The changes of the geology made a Vxxx river into a dam. The flood flew in, brought a lot of dirt. The flood will also bring diarrhea disease. (There follows a question, asking why do they mention the diarrhea. Some banks of the river had been destroyed. They should flow to the G River but instead they are in other rivers now. (A question here asking what the influence of the G River. I personally was not sure which answer to chose.) The precipitation began to fluctuate; even those people who were mentioned in the first paragraph have been influenced. (A question here asking why those people were influenced, the options are confusing) The last sentence says the people here began to overuse the resources there, and excess reclamation. (A question here asks the local people's behavior.)

　　第二篇

　　The uprising of the natural park

　　It describes an upsurging natural park in America at some point of time. They want to reserve beautiful scenes in Europe which they don't here in America. They give some examples and ask about a factual question.

　　The railway was helping the natural park because their loads of passengers. They can ride wagons to the park. The hotels were in the rural area and not rustic. The railway was advertising themselves and educating the tourist to come. There were rising numbers of people came to the place. Two questions--one is asking what can be learned about the hotel. Two options- One saying they were benefits from the policy, another saying they had to do the advertisement. Another question is about the railway. One option saying they could not own the hotel and another one saying they design it for destination.

　　The numbers of cars began to rise, so does the highways. They contribute to the construction of the park. There was something defense the revolution of highway. They built the biggest high way (one question here, asking why they built the highway, it is a hard one to pick the answer.)The national policy began to involved too.(quite confused here if the revolution was policy oriented or the nation) Because of some reasons, they has built a lot of parks, yellow stone was a case in the point. (A question here asks what are those parks had in common) All in all, the highways had been built and the numbers of parks are rising.

　　The public opinion has changed. Parents took children to the trip. People from cities went to the parks to enjoy the peacefulness. There was one year the tourist reached to the peak. (A question here asked why mentions the numbers of people)

　　However, people still assume that go to the trip was like entertainment. No conscious about the wildness. (It is not clear here of saying if the parks are going to ruin the wild or the parks should be looks like wildness.) And then people realized about this issue. Involving the government and the experts. (The last paragraph's clue is hard to remember.)

　　第三篇

　　Lakes in the Intertidal Zone

　　Intertidal zone is the area that owns water in flood tide and has no water in low tide. In the underground of these places, there are some depressions which are formed by the flowing water.

　　Comparing with the oceans, these holes seem smaller and more peaceful, but to living organisms, these places are actually more dangerous than the oceans since they are dried-up in some periods. As the living conditions in the lake are quite variable and extreme, the organisms living there need high level of ecological flexibility.

　　The living circumstance for animals in the intertidal zones changes rapidly. First comes the variety of temperature. The temperature there are more extreme than other place, which means that it is quite chilly in the winter and terribly hot in the summer. The cause of this phenomenon can be attributed to the limited amount of water in there, and a large sum of water can relieve this change, just like oceans. Except for the extreme environment temperature, the temperature of water fluctuates dramatically as well.

　　Due to the shade, height, location, strength of sunlight, and other relative factors, they make the water temperature there be more easy to increase or decrease. Same things influence oceans, but when the tide rises up, oceans can balance the temperature back.

　　Furthermore, salty of lakes in intertidal zones varies obviously. There are also a great amount of factors that affect the salty of the lake, including the evaporation in summer and the icing in winter. In some lake, the salty of water are high enough for salt to crystallize, which can seriously restrain the growth of organisms living inside. So only the animals own excellent adaptability can survive.

　　Moreover, the levels of oxygen will be also impacted. The content of oxygen in the intertidal lakes is relatively lower than other water environments. Especially when the temperature is quite high, the oxygen will evaporate into the air. It is not a big deal, if there are not many animals living together. If the number of animals is huge, they will face strong living pressure, since the oxygen for them to survive was quite limited.