2014年职称英语考试卫生类C级真题及参考答案

　　阅读理解：

　　第一篇：

The Bilingual Brain

　　When Karl Kim immigrated to the United States from Korea as a teenager, he had a hard time learning English. Now he speaks it fluently, and he had a unique opportunity to see how our brains adapt to a second language. As a graduate student, Kim worked in the lab of Joy Hirsch, a neuroscientist in New York. their work led to an important discovery. They found evidence that children and adults don't use the same parts of the brain when they learn a second language.

　　The researchers used an instrument called an MRI ( magnetic resonance imaging) scanner to study the brains of two groups of bilingual people. One group consisted of those who had learned a second language as children..The other consisted of people who, like Kim, learned their second language later in life. People from both groups were placed inside the MRI scanner. This allowed Kim and Hirsch to see which parts of the brain were getting more blood and were more active. They asked people from both groups to think about what they had done the day before, first in one language and then the other. They couldn't speak out loud because any movement would disrupt the scanning.

　　Kim and Hirsch looked specifically at two language centers in the brain - Broca's area, which is believed to control speech production, and Wernicke's area, which is thought to process meaning. Kim and Hirsch found that both groups of people used the same part of Wernicke's area no matter what language they were speaking. But their use of Broca's area was different.

　　People who learned a second language as children used the same region in Broca's area for both their first and second languages. People who learned a second language later in life used a different part of Broca's area for their second language. How does Hirsch explain this difference? Hirsch believes that when language is first being programmed in young children, their brains may mix the sounds and structures of all languages in the same area. Once that programming is complete, the processing of a new language must be taken over by a different part of the brain.

　　A second possibility is simply that we may acquire languages differently as children than we do as adults. Hirsch thinks that mothers teach a baby to speak by using different methods involving touch, sound, and sight. And that is very different from learning a language in a high school or college class.

　　31 Kart kim’s study showed that

　　A people learn English and Korean in different ways

　　B Children and adults use the different parts of the brain to learn a second language

　　C it is not possible for an adult to speak a second language fluently

　　D people’s brain will not change when they are learn second language

　　32 How did Kim and Hirsch study the brain of two groups of blingual people

　　A They interview them in English and Korean

　　B they ask them to say the same language

　　C They used an MRI scanner to observe their brain

　　D They ask them to talk about what had they done before

　　33 Which aspect of the two language centers in the brain does paragragh 3 discuss?

　　A impact

　　B function

　　C location

　　D size

　　34 Kim and Hirsch find that children

　　A Use the same region in Broca’s area to learn their first and second language.

　　B Learn a second language slowei than aults.

　　C are better at acquiring the brain to program the structures of their first language

　　D use special parts of the brain to program the structures of their first language

　　35 It can be inferred from the last paragragh

　　A Students do better in high school than in college

　　B Bilingual children will learn better in college

　　C mothers are good language teachers

　　D it take more time for adults to learn a second language

参考答案：

　　31 B 32 C 33B 34 A 35 D