2015职称英语考试卫生类C级真题及答案

　　第二篇

　　Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found

　　The World Health Organization estimates that about one third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis (结核). Most times, the infection remains inactive.

　　But each year about eight million people develop cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug resistant forms of tuberculosis.

　　Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-

　　acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study.

　　Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.

　　The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about 20% of new cases. And it might prevent about 25% of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between 2012 and 2030. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by 2012.

　　The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in 1990. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment Short-course. earth workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.

　　Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than 40 years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.

　　36 The bacteria that cause TB

　　A have led to the deaths of 8 million people.

　　B remain inactive most times.

　　C have encouraged the spread of AIDS.

　　D infect about one third of people in the world.

　　37 TB patients who stop taking antibiotic drugs may develop

　　A lung cancer.

　　B diseases that lead to death.

　　C an infection resistant to treatment.

　　D infections that cannot be treated.

　　38 According to Joshua Salomon, a shorter treatment program would mean

　　A more patients cured.

　　B more infectious patients.

　　C less control of TB.

　　D reduction in drug-resistant TB forms.

　　39 Scientists found that a two-month treatment would lead to

　　a 20% reduction of TB deaths.

　　a 20% reduction of new TB cases.

　　a 25% increase in TB infections.

　　a 25% increase in TB treatment success rates.

　　expansion of the DOTS program aims to .

　　make sure TB patients take 10 pills each day.

　　finance the training of health workers.

　　study the side effects of the 4 most common drugs

　　support the development of new TB drugs.