2015职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案(整套)

　　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23~ 30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段

　　每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　The Ebola Outbreak

　　1 You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak.

　　Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carrier of the virus.

　　2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major

　　outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.

　　3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West African countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne viral outbreaks like SARS ,the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person. Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.

　　4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.

　　5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body's inflammatory response, causing the flu-like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting

　　mechanism (凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion (灌注) ultimately lead to organ failure and death.

　　6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world's most

　　fatal viral infections; Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.

　　23 Paragraph2

　　24 Paragraph3

　　25 Paragraph4

　　26 Paragraph 5

　　A Am I at risk of contracting the virus?

　　B How do I know if I have contracted the virus?

　　C What caused the Ebola outbreak?

　　D What exactly does Ebola do to the body?

　　E Is the current outbreak the deadliest?

　　F What areas are currently affected?

　　27 The initial Ebola outbreak was found in _

　　28 The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses lies in _

　　29 The symptoms of the patients after being infected may first appear

　　30 The Ebola virus transmits by contact with

　　A infected body fluids

　　B the mode of transmission

　　C within a wide range of days

　　D three countries in West Africa

　　E against the outbreak severity

　　F the initial days of being infected