2018成都二诊英语试题及答案

　　C

　　Beethoven famously composed several masterpieces while he was deaf, but surely even he would be impressed with this piece of research.

　　A group led by BCI expert Gemot Mullei Putz shows that experiences of quite a different tone can be sounded from BCL Adapting from an established BCI method which mainly enables disabled people to write, the team has developed a new application by which music can be composed and transferred(转录)onto a musical score(乐谱)，just through the power of thought. All you need is a special cap which measures brain waves, the adapted BCI, a software for composing music, and of course a bit of musical knowledge.

　　The basic principle of the BCI method used can be briefly described： various options, such as letters or notes, pauses, chords, etc. flash by one after another in a table. If youVe received some training and can focus on the desired option while it lights up on a screen in front of you, you cause a minute change in your brain waves. The BCI recognises this change and draws conclusions about the chosen option.

　　Eighteen test persons had to “think” melodies onto a musical score. All test subjects were of sound bodily health during the study and had a certain degree of basic musical and compositional knowledge. Following user-centered design guidelines, researchers investigated the efficiency, the effectiveness and subjective criteria. The subjective criteria evaluation revealed that users were highly satisfied with the applicatioa “The results of the BCI compositions can really be heard. And what is more important： the test persons enjoyed it The very positive results of the study with bodily healthy test persons are the first step in a possible expansion of the BCI composition to patients,"stresses Mullei-Putz.

　　“Twenty years ago, the idea of composing a piece of music using the power of the mind was unimaginable. Now we can do it, but we still need a bit more time before BCI is mature enough for daily applications. ”

　　28. What do we know about the new application?

　　A. It consists of four parts. B. It's impractical for daily use.

　　C. It's based on a new method. D. It's hard for users to handle.

　　29. What should the test subjects do during the test?

　　A. Watch a screen attentively.

　　B. Listen to the composed melodies.

　　C. Make options by moving their eyes.

　　D. Record their feelings while composing.

　　30. What does the underlined word “y” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

　　A. The test. B. The musical score.

　　C. The study. D. The BCI application.

　　31. Who will benefit most from the new application?

　　A. BCI experts. B. Disabled musidana

　　C. Music studios. D. Learners of music.

　　D

　　Many years ago in a zoo，I was shocked by finding that chimpanzees (大猩猩)could behave in a more civil manner than youths while youths could behave worse than them. Great apes(类人猿)are always one of the favourite attractions in any zoo. The main reason for this is that they are so similar to us.

　　This similarity has persuaded a group called the Great Ape Project (GAP) to campaign for these animals to be afforded “human rights”.

　　This has resulted in legislation in New Zealand, which could mean that great apes would become the first animals in the world with basic rights protected by the law.

　　Not everybody is happy with this idea, however. Scientists using animals for scientific research fear that this is just the first stage in a process that will lead to a ban on using all animals for research.

　　The GAP declaration claims great apes should have “human” rights due to scientific evidence about their abilities. But if we compare the abilities of humans and great apes, then why not the abilities of great apes and monkeys, monkeys and lemurs, and so on until insects are granted “ human rights". This is not foolish. There are people without fundamental human rights. How long ago, for example, did women not have the right to vote?

　　Yet another argument by those who don，t support GAP is that the human-like qualities of the great apes have been exaggerated for certain reasons, and that this has led people to exaggerate the similarities but ignore the differences between humans and other great apes.

　　In a fascinating article entitled “What It Really Means To Be 99% Chimpanzee”， Jonathan Marks points out that, although a human and a daffodil(水仙花)share common ancestry and their DNA matches more than 25% of the time, it is plainly ridiculous to claim that we are one-quarter daffodils.

　　He goes on to demonstrate that, if looked at from one angle，it is true that we are phylogenetically(动植物演化史)apes. But also fish from phylogenetically another angle! “Doesn’t sound quite so profound now, does it?”

　　32. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?

　　A. The experience was unforgettable.

　　B. Chimpanzees are similar to humans.

　　C. Chimpanzees are very popular in the zoo.

　　D. Animals could behave better than humans.

　　33. Which of the following would the Great Ape Project most probably agree with?

　　A. Animals should be free from any scientific research.

　　B. New Zealand should do more to protect the rights of apes.

　　C. The differences between humans and apes have been ignored.

　　D. Apes have adequate characteristics to be included as our equals.

　　34. How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 5?

　　A. By reasoning.

　　B. By giving examples.

　　C. By making a comparison.

　　D. By providing scientific evidence.

　　35. What point does Jonathon Marks try to make in his article?

　　A. Humans are more than one-quarter daffodil.

　　B. Great apes and fish are phylogenetically similar.

　　C. Humans are as similar to fish as they are to great apes.

　　D. Being 99% genetically identical matters less than thought.