2019年6月英语四级阅读真题解析—段落匹配

　　新东方在线英语四级频道考后发布2019年6月英语四级阅读真题解析—段落匹配，同时新东方实力师资团队将对英语四级真题答案做权威解析，免费领取【大学英语四级真题解析】课程。更多2019年6月英语四级听力真题答案、英语四级作文真题范文、英语四级阅读真题答案、英语四级翻译真题答案，请查看【2019年6月英语四级真题答案解析】专题。预祝大家高分通过大学英语四级考试!

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure

　　[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.

　　[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.

　　[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.

　　[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.

　　[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”

　　[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.

　　[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.

　　[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.

　　[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.

　　[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.

　　[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.

　　[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.

　　[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.

　　36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.

　　37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.

　　38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.

　　39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.

　　40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.

　　41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.

　　42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.

　　43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.

　　44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.

　　45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.

　　答案解析：

　　本篇长篇匹配比较中规中矩，难度简单。少有几句需要认真理解，比如39句的hectic time匆忙的时间就是对于A段落第二句话各类具体细节的概括表达。长篇匹配重点在于关键词的识别匹配。从答案分布来看，5句话的答案大约出现在段落的首位醒目位置。

　　36 [D]

　　36的关键词是inadequate recovery和poor health and accidents，原文同义匹配“ Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems.”

　　其中inadequate recovery与lack of recovery匹配;poor health and accidents匹配到incidence of health and safety problems。

　　37 [ J]

　　37句话关键词是Mental relaxation和physical relaxation。

　　定位到J段落的“Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.” 其中mental和physical分别对应brains和bodies。

　　38[L]

　　38句关键词是rest和work efficiency。匹配到L段的“Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.”其中rest和Take all of your paid time off为一个意思，work efficiency和productivity为同义匹配。

　　39 [A]

　　39句的关键词是“hectic time”和“taking a flight” 其中hectic较难理解，表示“狂热的;忙乱的”。A段的“We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane.” ground work 表示地面工作，board the plane 表示搭飞机。

　　40 [E]

　　40句的关键词是Recovery 和stopped working。 对应到E段首句“ And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering.”

　　41 [K]

　　41句的关键词是technology和overworking。其中overwork表示加班。对应到K段的Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking.其中control overworking与prevent people from overworking都表示不让人们加班。

　　42 [I]

　　42句关键词是popular belief和rest以及recovery。对应到I段的Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. 此句的难点是popular belief和Most people assume，表示大众看法，assume表示“想当然的认为”，常表示错误看法。

　　43 [B]

　　43句的关键词是has come to see和misunderstanding of resilience。匹配到B段的… we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient… 其中come to see 和come to realize都表示开始意识到。这个考点在16年12月的真题中已经出现过。

　　44 [G]

　　44句关键词是distorted view和upbringing，表示曲解的看法和抚养。对应到G段The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age.其中distorted view和misconception 对应，表示误解。

　　45 [C]

　　45句关键词是determined和success。C段的匹配句是We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be.这一句就是单词对应。

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