英语专业四级语法复习这些就够了

2017-08-03 12:28:39来源:网络

英语专业四级语法复习这些就够了

  英语专业四级语法贯穿于整个英语专业四级考试中,虽说在英语专业四级中考察的题型为语言知识题,20道题,做题时间为10分钟,实则考查内容不只限于语法和词汇这两方面,而是将考查范围扩大到整个语言的运用。

  英语语法自我们从小学就开始接触,各类语法内容盘点起来可能能为大家制作成一本英语语法书。其实针对英语专业四级语法复习这八类考点就够了:各类从句、特殊句式、虚拟语气、句意理解、句子成分、非谓语动词、动词时态、情态动词及其他零散的语法知识。其中,其他包括形容词、代词、副词、限定词的用法等。这八类英语专业四级语法考点是怎么得来的呢,我们可以通过往年英语专业四级语法与句型往年真题作为根据。如下图

  根据对往年英语专业四级真题分析我们可以看出对各类从句的考查比重较大,主要考查名词性从句、定语从句及状语从句。

  ·对句意理解、句子成分的考查波动较为明显,但总体上比重较大。主要考查对句子意思的理解、句子正误的判断及句子成分的分析。

  从上表可以看出,专四语法与句法历年真题的考点主要是各类从句,句意理解、句子成分,特殊句式和虚拟语气,而对动词时态和非谓语动词的考查也占有一定的比重,另外近两年对非谓语动词及动词时态问题也较为重视。

  下面我们就逐一为大家讲解英语专业四级八类语法知识点:

  英语专业四级语法复习这八类考点之一各类从句:主要看三类从句即名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句

  名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。这类从句的考查点如下:

  ·it作形式主语,主语从句后置。例如:

  It is afact that some children tend to learn language faster than others.

  ·主语从句和同位语从句的连接词不可省略。例如:

  That he won the game is what everyone expected.

  ·if和whether均可引导宾语从句,但是引导主语从句时只能用whether。例如:

  Whether he will come or not is still unknown yet.

  ·whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等引导主语或者宾语从句时,分别表示无论什么、无论谁、无论什么时候、无论什么地方等之意;此时不可以用no matter what/who/when/where等替换。例如:

  We can assign the task to whoever is capable and trustworthy.

  定语从句

  定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句(紧跟先行词,与先行词之间不用逗号隔开)和非限定性定语从句(与先行词或主句间有逗号隔开,修饰先行词、整个主句或主句的一部分,仅起补充说明作用,若去掉,主句意思依然完整)。定语从句的常见考点有:

  ·定语从句和同位语从句的区别:两者的区别在于定语从句的关系词在从句中充当一个成分,而同位语从句的连接词在从句中不充当成分。例如:

  The news that we heard is not true.(定语从句)

  The news that he won the prize is not true.(同位语从句)

  ·定语从句与状语从句的区别:两者的区别在于定语从句是修饰其先行词的,而状语从句是修饰主句的谓语动词或整个主句,在主句中充当状语。例如:

  He found the books where he had put them.(状语从句)

  He found the books in the place where he had put them.(定语从句)

  ·定语从句与强调句的区别:区别两者的方法是强调句去掉It is/was...that...后仍然是一个语法结构和语义都完整的句子,而定语从句在去掉It is/was和从句的关系词后句子结构不完整。例如:

  It is the place where they lived before.(定语从句)

  It is in the place that they lived before.(强调句)

  ·定语从句中的先行词:先行词是定语从句中关系词前面的名词。定语从句一定要有先行词。例如:

  Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?(先行词为the one)

  Is this the book that you bought yesterday?(先行词为the book)

  ·定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性:定语从句的谓语动词和先行词保持主谓一致;当先行词为one of+名词复数时,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;当先行词为the only one of+名词复数时,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数。例如:

  He is the only one of the students who was here just now.

  He is one of the students who were here just now.

  ·定语从句的关系词:关系词指引导定语从句的关联词,包括关系代词和关系副词。

  a)that指物,有时也可以指人;which指物,不能指人。只能用that而不能用which的情况有:

  先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时;

  先行词前有next,last,very,any,little,no等修饰时;

  先行词是all,much,little,none等时;

  先行词是不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时。

  b)先行词是人+物时,关系词要用that而不用which/who。例如:

  He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.

  (正)

  He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.(误)

  c)先行词本身是that时,一般用which引导定语从句。例如:

  The predicate is that which is said of the subject.

  d)在who开头的疑问句中,若要用关系代词引导定语从句,则用that。例如:

  Who is the girl that is singing in the hall?

  e)当关系词后面有插入语时,用which引导定语从句。例如:

  Here is the English grammar book which,as Ihave told you,will help to improve your English.

  f)which可以引导非限定性定语从句,也可以放在介词后面,that则不能。例如:

  The room in which she lives is alarge one.

  g)as引导定语从句,可以指代整个主句,位置可以在主句前,也可以在主句后。which指代整个主句,只能放在主句后。例如:

  As might be expected,the response to the question was very mixed.

  The response to the question was very mixed,as/which might be expected.

本文关键字: 英语专业四级语法

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