英语专业四级语法复习这些就够了

2017-08-03 12:28:39来源:网络

  英语专业四级语法复习这八类考点之二特殊句式三种:1.反意疑问句、2.倒装 3.强调句

  1.反意疑问句

  反意疑问句由肯定陈述句和简略否定问句或否定陈述句和简略肯定问句构成。主要考点包括:

  ·疑问部分的助动词要与陈述部分的助动词保持人称、数及时态上的一致。例如:

  He plays football very well,doesn't he?

  ·疑问部分的主语要和陈述部分的主语保持一致。如果陈述部分主语为表示人的不定代词(everyone,someone,anyone,no one),疑问部分的主语一般用they;如果陈述部分主语为表示物的不定代词(everything,something,nothing)或者this,that等,疑问部分的主语一般用it;如果陈述部分是there be句型,疑问部分的主语用there。例如:

  Somebody borrowed my book yesterday,didn't they?

  That's great,isn't it?

  There must be someone else there,mustn't there?

  ·如果陈述句的主语为nobody,nothing,none,neither,few等否定代词,反意疑问句使用肯定结构。疑问句中用they代替nobody,neither,few;用it代替nothing;they或者it均可用来代替none。例如:

  Neither of them came,did they?

  Nothing was left,was it?

  ·陈述句中含有hardly,seldom,rarely等否定副词,则反意疑问句使用肯定形式。例如:

  You seldom go there,do you?

  ·几种特殊的反意疑问句。例如:

  Have some tea,won't you?

  Don't do that,will you?

  Let's go shopping after dinner,shall we?

  Please let us have more time,will you?

  I am good at math,aren't I?

  You must go home,needn't you?

  She ought to leave,shouldn't she?

  2.倒装

  倒装有两种情况:完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装指将句子的谓语动词全部置于主语之前,而部分倒装则只将相应的助动词提到主语的前面。例如:

  In came aman with awhite beard.进来了一个白胡子的男人。(完全倒装)

  Hardly did Ithink it possible.我几乎认为这是不可能的。(部分倒装)

  ·完全倒装

  a) here,there,now,then,thus,out,in,up,down,away等副词置于句首,谓语动

  b)

  词是be,come,go,lie,run,rush等时,句子完全倒装。例如:

  There comes the bus.

  Away went the boy.

  Out rush the children.

  b)完全倒装句的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不倒装。例如:

  Here comes the teacher.

  There she comes.

  c)as引导的方式状语从句中,句子完全倒装。例如:

  Peter likes sports,as do many of his friends.

  d)充当句子表语的不定式或者分词短语为了表示强调而位于句首时,句子完全倒装。例如:

  Gone are the days when we did not have enough to eat.

  ·部分倒装

  符合以下任何一种情况,句子部分倒装:

  a)表示否定的词和短语位于句首。例如:

  Under no circumstances shall you lie to me.

  b)由only构成的短语作状语位于句首。例如:

  Only in this way can we solve the problem.

  c)so...that...句型中的so,以及such...that...句型中的such位于句首。例如:

  So excellent the boy was that he was admitted to the university.

  d)一些特殊的让步状语从句中。例如:

  Object as you may,I'll go.

  ·特殊倒装

  adj./n.+as/though+主语+谓语,表示“虽然…”之意。这种倒装并非通常所说的主谓倒装,而是将表语提前。例如:

  Poor as he is,he is happy.

  Child as he is,he is much more mature than we expect.

本文关键字: 英语专业四级语法

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