2012年职称英语考试理工类A级真题及参考答案

第三篇 Small But Wise

　　On December 14, NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don't let its small size fool you: WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe, including asteroids, faint stars, blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born.

　　“I'm very excited because we're going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven't seen before, ” said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

　　Since arriving in space, the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth, held by gravity in a polar orbit4( this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5). Its camera is pointed outward, away from the Earth, and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.

　　The pictures taken by WISE won't be like everyday digital photographs, however. WISE stands for “Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. ” As its name suggests, the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

　　Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow, is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree, for example, it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens, they're processed by the camera, which then puts the image together.

　　Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don't see them, and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye, longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

　　That's a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can't. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids, for example, are giant rocks that float through space — but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don't reflect light, so they're difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

　　Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE's pictures. These objects are “failed” stars — which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead, brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

　　41. What is so special about WISE?

　　A It is as small as a trashcan.

　　B It is small in size but carries a large camera.

　　C Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.

　　D Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space.

　　42. The camera on WISE

　　A is equipped with expensive computers.

　　B produces images of objects giving off infrared radiation.

　　C reflects light visible to the human eyes.

　　D is similar to an ordinary digital camera.

　　43. It is true that infrared radiation.

　　A is not detectable to humans.

　　B looks brighter than visible light.

　　C is visible light reflected off an object.

　　D has longer waves than those of visible light.

　　44. Which of the following statements about asteroids is NOT ture?

　　A The WISE telescope can catch and take pictures of them.

　　B They do not reflect light that reaches them.

　　C They float through space giving off visible light.

　　D They are invisible to ordinary cameras.

　　45. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that brown dwarfs.

　　A give off infrared radiation.

　　B are power stars like the sun.

　　C become massive and active

　　D are invisible to the WISE telescope.

　　参考答案：CCABD ADBBC CBDCA