特朗普当选美国总统后中国留学生面临哪些机会与挑战

2016-11-16 14:06:43来源：网络

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　　未来留学移民政策走向

　　特朗普在竞选时对于留学移民政策的表态主要集中在支持减少H-1B工作签证以及主张取消J1访问学者签证上，而这两个签证可以说是跟留学生最息息相关的政策产物。

　　使美国公司减少H-1B发放

　　川普政策对华态度并不是很友好。他认为美国公众没有工作，是因为收到了中国人影响减少了就业机会，他希望把就业岗位从中国带回来。川普上台很有可能停止给持有F-1签证留学生的OPT，并减少H-1B签证的派发，这样就使得中国学生面临在美就业更加困难的情况。

　　主张取消J-1签证

　　J-1签证是一种非移民签证，签发给来美国参加美国国务院批准的“交流访问者计划”的各类外籍人士。

　　F1签证留学签证，是发给全日制在美国读书的学生，没有名额限制。短期访问学者还可以使用B1/B2签证，美国B签证为赴美临时签证。

　　小特的改革方案原文关于H1-B

　　Increase prevailing wage for H-1Bs. We graduate two times more Americans with STEM degrees each year than find STEM jobs, yet as much as two-thirds of entry-level hiring for IT jobs is accomplished through the H-1B program. More than half of H-1B visas are issued for the program' s lowest allowable wage level, and more than eighty percent for its bottom two. Raising the prevailing wage paid to H-1Bs will force companies to give these coveted entry-level jobs to the existing domestic pool of unemployed native and immigrant workers in the U.S., instead of flying in cheaper workers from overseas. This will improve the number of black, Hispanic and female workers in Silicon Valley who have been passed over in favor of the H-1B program. Mark Zuckerberg's personal Senator, Marco Rubio, has a bill to triple H-1Bs that would decimate women and minorities.

　　关于J-1

　　Jobs program for inner city youth. The J-1 visa jobs program for foreign youth will be terminated and replaced with a resume bank for inner city youth provided to all corporate subscribers to the J-1 visa program.

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