托福独立写作备考策略:针对题型对症下药

2016-12-23 10:19:33来源：新东方在线李盛

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　　对于正文段来说，我们一般建议同学们按照5个步骤去发展：

　　Step 1: 主题句

　　Value类：Topic(题目中所描述行动)能带来XXX

　　Fact类： XXX导致了Topic(题目中所阐述的现象)

　　Step 2: 对主题句进行解释拓展

　　(1)为什么会这样?

　　(2)这样做能带来什么?

　　Step 3: 通过对比进一步说明

　　如果是A和B两种事物比较，假设选择A，在描述A好的时候，可以阐述B的不好。

　　如果只有一种事物，可以先说该事物怎么样，再说如果没有该事物又会怎样。

　　Step 4: 例子

　　将上面的论述具体到一个人或一件事情上。

　　Step 5: 小结

　　对例子进行小结，呼应主题句。

　　举个例子来说，题目中问到底是住在乡村好，还是住在城市好，我们选择住在乡村好，我们的一个主题句就可以写成：

　　In the first place, living in the country contributes to our health.

　　接下来我们需要解释为什么住在乡村会有益于健康，我们可以这样解释：

　　As is known to all, in the country there are few industrial plants and vehicles so that fewer pollutants are emitted into the water and air. As a result, we can enjoy the blue sky, clean water, fresh air and healthy food, which contribute to our health.

　　然后我们可以讲城市生活与乡村生活进行对比，完成第三步骤：

　　By contrast, people living in the city are suffering from various diseases caused by the environmental contamination, for pollutants from factories and automobiles are continually being discharged into the air and rivers.

　　接着我们通过一个具体的例子去把问题阐述地更加清晰：

　　For example, my grandparents have been living in the countryside for over fifty years and seldom do they go to hospital. Last month, they came to the city I live in, and the next week they both fell ill. They were sent to the hospital and the doctor said that it was because of smog. The doctor suggested that my grandparents should live in the hospital for some time, but they refused. They decided to go back to the village. It was amazing that a few days after they went back, both of them recovered.

　　最后我们只需要简单地对例子进行小结，呼应主题句就可以了：

　　Thanks to the good environment in the countryside, my grandparents can enjoy a healthy life.

　　将上面的内容连接起来，就形成了一个完整的重点段落：

　　In the first place, living in the country contributes to our health. As is known to all, in the country there are few industrial plants and vehicles so that fewer pollutants are emitted into the water and air. As a result, we can enjoy the blue sky, clean water, fresh air and healthy food, which contributes to our health. By contrast, people living in the city are suffering from various diseases caused by the environmental contamination, for pollutants from factories and automobiles are continually being discharged into the air and rivers. For example, my grandparents have been living in the countryside for over fifty years and seldom do they go to hospital. Last month, they came to the city I live in, and the next week they both fell ill. They were sent to the hospital and the doctor said that it was because of smog. The doctor suggested that my grandparents should live in the hospital for some time, but they refused. They decided to go back to the village. It was amazing that a few days after they went back, both of them recovered. Thanks to the good environment in the countryside, my grandparents can enjoy a healthy life. (201 words)

　　这样看来，独立写作是不是并没有想象中的那么难呢?

　　总之，作为一种语言测试方式，托福考试的重点是检测考生的英语语言水平，如何写出正确流畅的语言是得到托福写作单项高分的必备条件。在TOEFL iBT Official Guide(托福官方指南，以下简称OG)中明确指出托福独立写作有三大考查维度：Development(展开论点)，Organization(组织文章结构)和Language Use(语言运用)。因此，除了注意作文的内容和结构外，阅卷老师同样十分注重我们在作文中表现出来的语言基本功。不管我们的观点多么精妙，证据多么充分，结构多么合理，如果语言错误百出，就不可能在写作部分得到高分。所以同学们在平时的学习中也别忘了语言的积累。

　　最后，祝大家2017年托福考试取得优异成绩!

　　以上就是新东方在线托福网为你带来的托福独立写作备考策略:针对题型对症下药，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线托福网。

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