春节习俗介绍：贴对联与年画(双语)

　　新东方在线英语学习网为你准备了春节习俗介绍：贴对联与年画(双语)。转眼间，又是一年新春佳节，春节是中国最传统也是最重视的节日之一。在诗与画流动的佳节里，更多春节的相关资讯，尽在新东方英语学习网。

　　春节习俗之贴春联与年画

　　新春伊始，第一件事便是贴门神、对联。 每当大年三十日(或二十九)，家家户户都纷纷上街购买春联，有雅兴者自己也铺纸泼墨挥春，将宅子里里外外的门户装点一新。春联也叫门对、春贴、对联、对子、桃符等。它以工整、对偶、简洁、精巧的文字描绘时代背景，抒发美好愿望，是中国特有的文学形式。

　　贴春联 Pasting Spring Couplets

　　“The Spring Couplet”, also called “couplet” and “a pair of antithetical phrases”, is a special form of literature in China. The Spring Couplet is composed of two antithetical sentences on both sides of the door and a horizontal scroll bearing an inscription, usually an auspicious phrase, above the gate. The sentence pasting on the right side of the door is called the first line of the couplet and the one on the left the second line. On the eve of the Spring Festival, every household will paste on doors a spring couplet written on red paper to give a happy and prosperous atmosphere of the Festival. In the past, the Chinese usually wrote their own spring couplet with a brush or asked others to do for them, while nowadays, it is common for people to buy the printed spring couplet in the market.

　　“春联”也被称为和“对联”对立的一对短语，在中国是一种特殊的文学形式。春联是由贴在门口两侧两组对立的句子组成，在门上面的横批通常是一个吉祥的短语。贴在门右侧的句子被称作对联的上联，左侧的为下联。除夕那天，每家都会在门上贴上红纸写的春联，传递出节日喜庆和热闹的气氛。在过去，中国人通常用毛笔自己写春联或者请别人写春联，而现在，人们普遍在市场上买印刷好的春联。

　　Spring scrolls and New Year paintings are always stuck on the doors and walls of a family. The content of the spring scrolls are various. Generally, the scrolls stuck on the door is to show the family status and the happiness to welcome the New Year; walking in, you will see the scroll about luck, such as "Raise your head and see happiness (Tai Tou Jian Xi)" and "Everything looks fresh and gay"; on the door of the room, there are always scrolls about longevity and blessing; on the door of shops always write wishes for prosperous business; beside the kitchen god's portrait, the scroll with earnest hope is stuck; on the grain bin, wishes for good harvest are written...

　　春联和年画通常会贴在家中的门上和墙上，内容丰富各异。通常，门上的春联会代表着这家人的地位，以及对新年的期盼。你会发现和“运气”相关的春联，比如“抬头见囍”或是“事事如新”;房门上贴着和长寿祝愿相关的春联;商店里会贴着生意兴隆的春联;厨房灶神旁贴着诚挚的祝愿;粮仓里贴着来年丰收的愿望……

　　But the families could not stick New Year scrolls for three years if some of their relatives has/have passed away. The most popular contents of the New Year paintings are mainly chicken, fish, children, flowers and the god of wealth. In some places, red paper-cuts are posted to the window.

　　不过当家中有亲人过世，则三年不能贴春联。最受欢迎的年画内容包括鸡、鱼、小孩、花和财神。在有的地方剪贴画也会贴在窗上 。

　　春节英语习俗之：家家户户贴春联(春联的来历简说)

　　On the Chinese New Year, families in China decorate their front doors with poetic couplets of calligraphy written with fragrant India ink, expressing the feeling of life's renewal and the return of spring.

　　中国过年，家家户户都要贴对联来装饰大门，对联就是用香墨汁写的有诗韵的对子，以此表达万物复苏春回大地之感。

　　It is said that spring couplets originated from "peach wood charms," door gods painted on wood charms in earlier times. During the Five Dynasties Period (907-960), the Emperor Meng Chang inscribed an inspired couplet on a peach slat, beginning a custom that gradually evolved into today's popular custom of displaying spring couplets.

　　有人说，春联起源于桃符(周代悬挂在大门两旁的长方形桃木板)，门神比春联出现的时间要早。据说五代时(907-960)后蜀国国君孟昶，他突发奇想，让他手下的一个叫辛寅逊的学士，在桃木板上写了两句话(作为桃符挂在他的住室的门框上)，由此开始了贴对联的传统，逐渐演变成今天的现如今贴春联，现在贴春联是一个很流行的传统习俗

　　In addition to pasting couplets on both sides and above the main door, it is also common to hang calligraphic writing of the Chinese characters for "spring," "wealth," and "blessing." Some people will even invert the drawings of blessing since the Chinese for "inverted" is a homonym in Chinese for "arrive," thus signifying that spring, wealth, or blessing has arrived.

　　除了在大门两侧和上方贴对联外，还会贴一些用中国书法写的“春”，“财”，“福”等字体。一些人会倒着贴“福字”，因为福“倒了”正好和“福到了”同音，意味得福庇佑之意。　　贴年画的风俗源自于把房子外面的门上贴门神的传统。随着木质雕刻品的出现，年画包含了更广泛的主题，最出名的就是门神，三大神-福神薪神和寿神，庄稼丰收，家畜兴旺，和庆祝春节。年画的四大产地分别是苏州桃花坞，天津杨柳青，河北武强和山东潍坊。现在中国农村仍然保持着贴年画的传统，而在城市里很少有人贴年画。

　　The custom of pasting New Year Prints originated from the tradition of placing Door Gods on the external doors of houses. With the creation of board carvings, New Year paintings cover a wide range of subjects. The most famous ones are Door Gods, Surplus Year after Year, Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity, An Abundant Harvest of Crops, Thriving Domestic Animals and Celebrating Spring. Four producing areas of New Year Print are Tɑohuɑwu of Suzhou, Yɑngliuqing of Tianjin, Wuqiɑng of Hebei and Weifang of Shangdong. Now the tradition of pasting New Year paintings is still kept in rural China, while it is seldom followed in cities.