2014年3月15日中国大陆托福考试全真试题英文还原

2014-04-21 09:44:36来源：网络

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　　①

　　In rain forests in Asia and South Africa, lizards and frogs are jumping through the trees, without touching the ground. Comparing with other forests, the number of gliding animals in the rain forests there are much bigger. This living behavior makes their predators on the ground hardly find them. After years' studying, scientists use three theories to illustrate this phenomenon.

　　The first one shows that trees in Asian rain forests are quite high, which create the training condition for these flying animals. But this theory has its own weakness. Trees are also high in other places, and some animals start gliding from the middle part of trees, which means that trees do not need to be that high.

　　The second hypothesis mentions leaves in the trees are mostly toxic. Since animals' food resources are limited, they need to go through the forest to some place far away. Based on this fact, gliding is an ideal moving choice for animals; because it can help animals travel quickly and effectively.

　　The third hypothesis demonstrates that the branches of trees there are fewer than other forests, which leave larger distance between each tree. So animals cannot move by branches, and this situation makes gliding a better way for them to move.

　　②

　　After a natural disaster happened in the United States, the government began to strengthen the protection policy. The old methods included two ways. One is planting trees in order to prevent weathering and erosion. The other is to plant crops in strips in order to keep soil in moisture.

　　Time passed. People began to use new thoughts and technologies to protect local area for agriculture. First step is to control the growth of the seeds in chemical ways. Secondly, people use drip irrigations to water the seed area. And also, they cover the soil with some relics of crops on the upper layer. Then the American government in order to encourage farmers adopting these skills offered farmers subsidies and protected the soil of croplands in the United States. This policy has also been used in the other place in Brazil, Europe, and Asia.

　　For quite some while, people realized that protecting land is much harder than protecting soiling, since the expansion of the urban city. And the lack of crops has become a serious problem to the global countries. Tokyo and Oregon did great progress on the way to fix it. These cities used high technologies to plant, which gradually reduce the cropland of city and offer more food to people to eat.

　　③

　　Ocean, the largest part of earth surface, has tremendous impact to the earth climate. The plants in the ocean water can absorb the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by photosynthesis. And these plants can grow well in the place full of iron atom. Some scientists argue if people throw more iron into the sea, the number of this plants can increase, which can absorb more carbon dioxide.

　　Besides this, the limestone on the bottom of the sea can also absorb green house gas like carbon dioxide. But this material will release the gas during discomposing and recycling.

　　Also, there are combustible ices under the sea, which includes high percent of methane. As soon as the ocean becomes warmer, these ices will melt and release these methane into the atmosphere.

　　Ocean is not the only part of the earth, which has strong influence to the climate. The ice and snow on the land can also reflect the radiation of the sun and change the temperature.

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