2014年3月22日中国大陆托福考试全真试题英文还原

　　Speaking

　　20140322口语第一套

　　oTalk about what you did when you first met one of your friends and how you became friends.

　　oSome students prefer to learn new materials by taking all the notes when listening to the teachers in class, while others learn by only listening to the teachers and taking few notes. Which one do you prefer?

　　oR: The university is going to add kitchens in the dorms. The kitchens will fit in well since there is much spare space in student dorms. Also, students will be able to enhance their cooking skills and benefit from this.

　　L: M: Read this announcement? I don't think this is actually gonna work. W: Why not? I think it would be great to have a kitchen in the dorm. M: First is the spare space. The spare space is for putting televisions and taking break. When friends come to your dorm, you can watch TV and have fun there. We are not able to do that when the spare space is replaced by the kitchen. W: Yeah, I haven't thought about that. M: And the cooking skill thing. W: I think it's great for practicing cooking. M: Actually no. Students are busy with their schoolwork so that they do not have enough time to work on the recipes and cook for themselves. Mostly they just take rest and study in the dorm. W: Oh, that's right.

　　oR: In order to capture the prey, some predators can secrete chemicals that are similar to the signaling chemical of their prey and attract the prey. That is called false signaling.

　　L: This happens a lot to insect. We know that female moths secrete a certain chemical with a special odor to attract the male moths to mate with them. And the predator, the spider, will secrete a substance that has the similar odor. In this way, the moth will try to travel according to the odor to find his "female partner". But at last, instead of finding a female moth, it flies to the spider and falls to the net. So the spider captures the male moth easily by using the false signal.

　　oM: Hey Angela, what's so upset. W: Well, I can't stand moving bicycles upstairs, it's so tiring. M: Ok…Maybe you can keep the bicycle downstairs. W: But what if it rains, the bike will get rusty and even damaged… M: Then why don't you move it to your friend's apartment? She lives on the 4th floor, it's much easier to carry it to the 4th floor. W: I don't know, but our schedules are different from each other, I am afraid she will be disturbed.

　　oToday we will talk about two ways that a non-profit organization makes contribution to the community. The first way is advocacy. It means that the organization motivates and persuades citizens to do things that are beneficial to the society. Let's say a new playground is needed in a city, and the organization will publish articles on newspaper and make advertisements on TV in order to persuade people to construct the playground. The second way is direct service, it means that the organization will make a contribution all by themselves, instead of mobilize others to do things. For example, they will use their own power, raising money and sending their members, in order to construct the playground.

　　20140322口语第二套

　　oWhat quality do you think is the most important to be a university student? Highly motivated, hard working, or intelligent?

　　oDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: artists and musicians are important in society.

　　oR: I think the university should close the coffee house at night. The light in the coffee house is dark. Also, since only a small amount of people go to the coffee house, it's a waste of money and electricity.

　　L: W: You read this letter? I think this ridiculous. M: Why? W: He says this because he doesn't go to the coffee house often. It is true that there aren't a lot people in the coffee house during the day. But it has nothing to do with the night, there are plenty of students coming to the coffee house at night. And the light in the coffee house has already been repaired, it is as bright as the light of the library now. M: Oh, that makes sense.

　　oR: When we want to remember a set of items, we can simply memorize some landmarks and form an image between the item and any distinguishing feature of the landmark. That is called the method of loci.

　　L: Let's say we want to memorize the planets of the solar system by using the method of loci. First of all, we are supposed to make landmarks. For example if you walk from your dorm to the student center, the first thing you see is the front door, then the tree, then the status in front of library and then the building. Second, we can link each planets to these landmarks. We can make Mercury as frond door, Venus as tree and so on. But we have to remember one thing for using the method. The items we want to memorize should be vivid, the more vivid the item is, the more useful the method will be.

　　oM: Hey, Mary, is everything going OK? W: Actually no, I have to finish a student film project. And Today I am supposed to finish the last shot. But it requires the weather outside to be sunny, but.. M: But it rains… Maybe you can rewrite the play and take the picture indoor. W: I don't know, but the sunny day can express the happy ending better. M: Then you can finish it tomorrow, tomorrow would be a sunny day. W: But the deadline is the day after tomorrow, I won't have enough time to get the film polished.

　　oToday we will talk about two ways that marine animals benefit from the electricity. First, some use the electricity to capture their prey. For example, eels produce strong currency to shock and parallel their prey so that their prey will not be able to move and be captured. Second, the knifefish can build an electrical field to receive the currency reflected from the rocks and avoid crashing on them.

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